Table 2.

Thirty- and 60-Day Change in PROMIS Measures of Emotional, Social, and Physical Health

PROMIS scores	Usual caren=511 (unadjusted)		Interventionn=518 (unadjusted)		Between-group difference (adjusted)
Primary 30-day changes	Mean change (97.5% CI)	p-value	Mean change (97.5% CI)	p-value	Mean difference (97.5% CI)	p-value
Anxiety	−0.2b (−1.4, 0.9)	0.63	−1.7f (−2.9, −0.5)	<0.01	−1.6 (−3.3, 0.1)	0.03
Informational support	2.3c (1.0, 3.6)	<0.01	2.5f (1.1, 3.9)	<0.01	−0.01 (−2.0, 1.9)	0.99
Secondary 30-day changes	Mean change (95% CI)	p-value	Mean change (95% CI)	p-value	Mean difference (95% CI)	p-value
Emotional support	−0.1e (−1.1, 0.8)	0.80	−0.1g (−1.1, 0.8)	0.79	−0.12 (−1.5, 1.2)	0.86
Instrumental support	1.0d (0.1, 2.0)	0.03	0.6f (−0.4, 1.5)	0.23	−0.43 (−1.7, 0.93)	0.53
Physical health (global)	4.6a (3.8, 5.4)	<0.01	4.4h (3.5, 5.2)	<0.01	−0.18 (−1.4, 1.0)	0.76
Mental health (global)	0.8d (−0.0, 1.5)	0.06	0.6h (−0.2, 1.5)	0.14	−0.06 (−1.2, 1.1)	0.93
Secondary 60-day changes	Mean change (95% CI)	p-value	Mean change (95% CI)	p-value	Mean difference (95% CI)	p-value
Anxiety	0.3i (−0.8, 1.4)	0.57	−1.1n (−2.3, 0.1)	0.07	−1.4 (−3.1, 0.22)	0.09
Informational support	1.7k (0.5, 2.9)	0.01	2.0o (0.7, 3.3)	<0.01	0.13 (−1.7, 1.9)	0.88
Emotional support	0.1l (−0.9, 1.1)	0.86	−0.1o (−1.1, 0.9)	0.79	−0.40 (−1.8, 1.0)	0.59
Instrumental support	0.8j (−0.2, 1.8)	0.12	1.0o (−0.0, 2.1)	0.05	0.21 (−1.3, 1.7)	0.78
Physical health (global)	3.4l (2.5, 4.3)	<0.01	3.6n (2.7, 4.5)	<0.01	0.09 (−1.2, 1.4)	0.89
Mental health (global)	−1.3l (−2.2, −0.4)	<0.01	−1.0m (−1.9, −0.2)	0.02	0.23 (−1.0, 1.5)	0.72

The total study population included 1029 individuals who were asked to complete an interviewer-administered questionnaire that included PROMIS measures of emotional, social, and physical health on enrollment and at follow-up visits at 30 and 60 days (see METHODS). Mean changes for the Usual care and Intervention groups reflect mean (unadjusted) within-person change in T-scores on day 30 or day 60 compared to day 0. A T-score difference of 2 to 5 units is generally considered the minimum clinically important difference; see METHODS. A positive value (>0) for the “30-day changes” and “60-day changes” indicates higher scores on day 30 compared to day 0 and higher scores on day 60 compared to day 0, respectively. Thus, a positive value indicates more of the construct assessed (i.e., higher anxiety, higher informational support, higher emotional support, higher instrumental support, higher physical health, or higher mental health). With the exception of anxiety, a positive difference indicates improvement. For anxiety, a negative difference (<0) indicates improvement. The between-group differences represent adjusted comparisons between groups (Intervention group minus Usual care) using multivariable linear regression. The p-values above are testing the hypothesis that the within-group change or between-group difference is significantly different than 0. The analyses pre-specified a 2-sided alpha =0.025 for comparisons at 30 days between groups (primary time point for analyses of the two co-primary outcomes: anxiety and informational support), and a 2-sided alpha = 0.05 for all other comparisons. There were no significant between-group differences in PROMIS measures of emotional, social, and physical health

Abbreviations: PROMIS Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System; CI confidence interval

Superscripts denote the number of participants with missing data for that measure:

^a= 103 participants; ^b = 105 participants; ^c = 106 participants; ^d = 108 participants; ^e = 110 participants; ^f = 127 participants; ^g = 128 participants; ^h = 129 participants; ⁱ = 136 participants; ^j = 137 participants; ^k = 138 participants; ^l = 139 participants; ^m = 154 participants; ⁿ = 155 participants; ^o = 157 participants