Table 7.

Performance of bioelectrochemical processes.

	Process description	Influent N concentrations (mg-N/L)	NRE (%)	NRR (kg-N/m3-day)	Remarks	References
1	BES (Abiotic anode—biocathode)	4.4–6.8	54–100	0.018–0.121	2 l up-flow column with recirculation units	Sander et al. (2017)
1	Abiotic anode—biocathode	50	18–43	0.00063–0.00156	Applied voltage: 0.7–1.1 V; 25°C	Nguyen et al. (2015)
2	Biotic anode—biocathode	50	75.4 ± 2.9	0.0024 ± 0.00035	Cell voltage variation between 0.1 V and 1 V; 25°C; C/N ratio = 3; 150 mg-COD/L CH3COONa
3	Microbial fuel cell (MFC): biotic anode and cathode	2,615	-	0.08	1 g/L CH3COONa in the anodic section and KNO3 in cathodic section	Clauwaert et al. (2007)
4	Microbial electrolysis cell (biotic anode and cathode)	30.5	90–95a	0.01	Applied voltages were 0.4 V, 0.6 V and 0.8 V	Liang et al. (2021)
5	Electrochemical denitrification cell (abiotic anode and cathode)	30.5	57–62 a	-	Abiotic conditions were applied
6	H2	20	0–100	0.12b	Current supplied: −2 to 10 mA	Feleke et al. (1998)
7	biotic anode and cathode with S2− addition in cathode chamber	100	100	-	400 ml system	Jianping et al. (2022)
8	Microbial electrolysis cell	30–1,400c	70	0.98c	150 l MFC; 1 V between anode and anode	Isabel San-Martín et al. (2018)

^aFor both Ti mesh and stainless steel mesh cathodes.

^bEstimated from Figure 2 in the source file.

^cEstimated from Figure 4 in the source file.