Table 6.
Self-healing smart antibacterial hydrogels as wound dressings.
| Material(s) | Hydrogel types | Antibacterial agent(s) | Major finding(s) | Year, ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| QCSP/benzaldehyde group functionalized PEGS FA |
Self-healing | QCSP/PEGS-FA | Self-healing properties due to dynamic covalent between benzaldehyde groups from PEGS-FA and amine groups from QCSP High antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus Enhance ECM synthesis, collagen deposition, and granulation tissue thickness High expression main growth factor VEGF, EGF, and TGF-b |
2017 [1] |
| QCS/PEO99-b-PPO65-b-PEO99, PF127 | Self-healing | QCS | Self-healing properties due to dynamic covalent Schiff-base bonds between amine groups (QCS) and benzaldehyde (PF127–CHO) Inherent bactericidal property against E. coli and S. aureus Promote wound healing |
2018 [241] |
| Hydrogel based on QC/OD | Self-healing | QC/OD | Excellent self-healing because of reversible hydrogen and imine bonds Antibacterial activity against E. coli Non-toxic on NIH-3T3 |
2018 [233] |
| Injectable gelatin hydrogels/polyethene glycol dibenzaldehyde/Clindamycin | Self-healing | Clindamycin | Self-healing due to imine reaction between gelatin and diBA-PEG's chains Excellent cell viability Antibacterial activity against S. aureus |
2018 [242] |
| Anti-bacterial hydrogel based on polyvinylpyrrolidone, acrylamide/1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium/polyethylene glycol | Self-healing | VBIMBr | Anti-bacterial efficacy against E. coli and S. aureus Strong adhesive property Non-toxic on L929 cell Promote wound healing |
2019 [243] |
| bFGF@PLGA/CHA | Self-healing | CHA | Dynamic imine and acyl hydrazone bond leads to self-healing abilities In vitro and in vivo, CHA has good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli In vivo, due to sustained release of bFGF, promotes wound healing |
2019 [244] |
| Chitosan/oxidized konjac glucomannan/AgNPs | Self-healing | AgNPs | Biocompatibility on L929 In vitro antibacterial effect against E. coli and S. aureus In vivo antibacterial properties against S. aureus and promote wound healing |
2020 [245] |
| QP-(DMAPMA) | Self-healing | QP4 | Biocompatibility on CT-26 Antibacterial activity against E. coli |
2020 [246] |
| CS/DABC | Self-healing | CS-DABC | Self-healing due to dynamic covalent between –NH2 and the –CHO on the surface of the CS-DABC Excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus High biocompatibility on L929 |
2020 [247] |
| N, O-CMC/OCS | Self- healing | N, O-CMC/OCS | Biocompatibility on NIH/3T3 cells Antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus, In vitro Hemostatic properties |
2021 [248] |
| Zwitterionic dextran-based hydrogels/CB-Dex and SB-Dex | Self- healing | CB-Dex and SB-Dex | Excellent cytocompatibility with NIH3T3 and L929 cells Antibacterial adhesion against S. aureus and E. coli Enhance wound treatment and pain relief in vivo |
2021 [249] |
| Acrylic acid/1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium/COOH-modified gum Arabic/aluminium chloride | Self-healing | aluminium chloride | Significant self-healing property due to interaction between -vinyl-3-butylimidazolium as an ionic liquid and covalent bonds High antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans, In vitro Promote wound healing, In vivo |
2021 [250] |
| OCMC-DA, PVA, and CNF | Self-healing | (NEO) | Excellent self-healing ability and stretchability Anti-bacterial property against E. coli and S. aureus, in vitro |
2021 [251] |
| quaternized chitosan (QCS), oxidized dextran (OD), tobramycin (TOB), and polydopamine-coated polypyrrole nanowires (PPY@PDA NWs) | Self-healing | (TOB) | Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli Have a long antibacterial effect of up to 11 days Enhance wound infection healing in vivo |
2022 [252] |
| gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), adenine acrylate (AA), and CuCl2 | Self-healing | CuCl2 | Show self-healing and adhesive properties Have antibacterial properties promote proinflammatory factors and angiogenesis |
2022 [253] |
| hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCS) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (DG) | Self-healing | (DG) | Have biocompatibility Reduce inflammatory Have antibacterial activity against S. aureus Promote wound healing in vivo |
2022 [184] |
| β-Cyclodextrin(β-CD)/polyethyleneimine (PEI)/PVA | Self-healing | (β-CD) | High biocompatibility Antibacterial effect against S. aureus and E. coli |
2022 [254] |
| Oxidized quaternized guar gum (OQGG)/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) | Self-healing | OQGG@CMCS | Have cytocompatibility ability Exhibit antibacterial and hemostatic properties Promote wound healing |
2022 [255] |
| fusiform-like ZnO (brZnO) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) | Self-healing | CMCS-brZnO | Reduced the inflammatory ratio Have antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus Accelerate wound healing |
2022 [256] |
Abbreviations: (AgNPs) Silver nanoparticles; (AA) adenine acrylate; (β-CD) β-Cyclodextrin; (CMCS) carboxymethyl chitosan; (CS DABC) Chitosan dialdehyde bacterial cellulose; (CNF) Cellulose nanofibers; (DG) dipotassium glycyrrhizinate; (OCMCDA) Dopamine-grafted oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose; (GelMA) gelatin methacrylate; (HPCS) hydroxypropyl chitosan; (OD) Oxidized dextran; (OQGG) Oxidized quaternized guar gum; (PVA) Poly(vinyl alcohol); (PEGS-FA) Poly (glycerol sebacate) grafted 4-formylbenzoic acid; (QCSP) Quaternized chitosan polyaniline; (QC) Quaternized chitosan; (VBIMBr) 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium; (N, O-CMC/OCS) N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan/oxidized chondroitin sulfate; (NEO) Neomycin; (CB-Dex) Carboxybetaine dextran; (SB-Dex) Sulfobetaine dextran; (CHA) Chlorhexidine acetate; (QP-(DMAPMA)) Quaternized N-[3(Dimethylamino) propyl] methacrylamide; (TOB) tobramycin; (PPY@PDA NWs) polydopamine-coated polypyrrole nanowires; (PNIPAM) poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); (PEI) polyethyleneimine; (brZnO) fusiform-like ZnO.