TABLE 5.

The results of subgroup analyses.

Subgroups	n	WMD	95% Cl	p-value	Heterogeneity between studies
FPG (mmol/L)
Overall	37	-0.82	(-0.95, -0.70)	<0.001	I2 = 60% p < 0.001
Baseline mean FPG
<7.5 mmol/L	6	-1.02	(-1.15, -0.89)	<0.001	I2 = 0% p = 0.45
7.5 mmol/L ∼ 8.8 mmol/L	7	-0.55	(-0.82, -0.29)	<0.001	I2 = 36% p = 0.15
8.8 mmol/L ∼ 10.0 mmol/L	13	-1.07	(-1.23, -0.91)	<0.001	I2 = 48% p = 0.03
≥10.0 mmol/L	11	-0.51	(-0.70, -0.32)	<0.001	I2 = 4% p = 0.40
HbA1c (%)
Overall	31	-0.63	(-0.72, -0.53)	<0.001	I2 = 52% p < 0.001
Baseline mean HbA1c
<9.0%	21	-0.58	(-0.69, -0.46)	<0.001	I2 = 49% p = 0.006
≥9.0%	10	-0.79	(-0.90, -0.67)	<0.001	I2 = 6% p = 0.38
Baseline mean FPG
<7.5 mmol/L	5	-0.60	(-0.71, -0.49)	<0.001	I2 = 0% p = 0.92
7.5 mmol/L ∼ 8.8 mmol/L	5	-0.57	(-0.98, -0.17)	0.006	I2 = 62% p = 0.03
8.8 mmol/L ∼ 10.0 mmol/L	12	-0.72	(-0.87, -0.57)	<0.001	I2 = 62% p = 0.002
≥10.0 mmol/L	9	-0.51	(-0.70, -0.33)	<0.001	I2 = 4% p = 0.41
2hPBG (mmol/L)
Overall	34	-1.16	(-1.36, -0.96)	<0.001	I2 = 68% p < 0.001
Baseline mean HbA1c
<9.0%	21	-1.38	(-1.69, -1.08)	<0.001	I2 = 71% p < 0.001
≥9.0%	9	-0.93	(-1.21, -0.64)	<0.001	I2 = 50% p = 0.04
Lacking data of baseline mean HbA1c	4	-0.78	(-0.93, -0.63)	<0.001	I2 = 0% p = 0.72
Baseline mean FPG
<7.5 mmol/L	6	-1.35	(-1.97, -0.73)	<0.001	I2 = 72% p = 0.003
7.5 mmol/L ∼ 8.8 mmol/L	5	-1.21	(-1.85, -0.58)	<0.001	I2 = 61% p = 0.04
8.8 mmol/L ∼ 10.0 mmol/L	12	-1.19	(-1.58, -0.79)	<0.001	I2 = 83% p < 0.001
≥10.0 mmol/L	11	-1.10	(-1.34, -0.86)	<0.001	I2 = 0% p = 0.85

CI, confidence interval; WMD, weighted mean differences, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, FPG, fasting plasma glucose, 2hPBG, 2-h postprandial blood glucose.