Table 1.
Characteristics of T2DM cases and controls.
| Characteristics | T2DM (n=74) | Controls (n=76) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (%) | 1 | ||
| Male | 29 (0.4) | 29 (0.4) | |
| Female | 45 (0.6) | 47 (0.6) | |
| Age (year) | 59.46 ± 7.88 | 59.32 ± 8.18 | 0.763 |
| Education level | 0.831 | ||
| Illiterate | 20 (0.3) | 21 (0.3) | |
| Elementary school | 29 (0.4) | 26 (0.3) | |
| Junior high school | 20 (0.3) | 21 (0.3) | |
| High school or above | 5 (0.1) | 8 (0.1) | |
| Marriage | 0.566 | ||
| Married/cohabiting | 64 (0.9) | 69 (0.9) | |
| Other/solitary | 10 (0.1) | 7 (0.1) | |
| Income | 0.533 | ||
| < 500 CNY | 30 (0.4) | 37 (0.5) | |
| 500–1,000 CNY | 19 (0.3) | 19 (0.3) | |
| >1,000 CNY | 25 (0.3) | 20 (0.3) | |
| Alcohol | 0.447 | ||
| Y | 13 (0.2) | 9 (0.1) | |
| N | 61 (0.8) | 67 (0.9) | |
| Tobacco | 0.888 | ||
| Y | 12 (0.2) | 14 (0.2) | |
| N | 62 (0.8) | 62 (0.8) | |
| Family history of diabetes | 0.114 | ||
| Y | 5 (0.1) | 1 (0) | |
| N | 69 (0.9) | 75 (1) | |
| Physical activity | 0.244 | ||
| Low | 16 (0.2) | 19 (0.3) | |
| Moderate | 38 (0.5) | 45 (0.6) | |
| High | 20 (0.3) | 12 (0.2) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.5 ± 3.5 | 23.5 ± 3.0 | < 0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 86.8 ± 9.2 | 80.8 ± 8.9 | < 0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 9.3 ± 2.5 | 5.0 ± 0.4 | < 0.001 |
| Fasting insulin (μU/L) | 14.5 ± 6.6 | 11.7 ± 4.3 | 0.003 |
| HbA1c (mg/dL) | 8.3 ± 1.9 | 5.3 ± 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.0 ± 1.0 | 4.7 ± 0.8 | 0.036 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 2.3 ± 1.6 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 0.002 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 0.331 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.2 ± 0.93 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 0.180 |
χ2 tests for categorical variables, t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables; Continuous variables are presented as mean±SD, and categorical variables are expressed as n (%); CNY, Chinese yuan; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; TC, total cholesterol; TG, Triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.