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. 2022 Nov 30;289(1987):20220913. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0913

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© 2022 The Author(s)

Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

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Figure 3. — The serotonin circuit that coordinately regulates multiple reproductive functions in C. elegans. (a) An image of embryos accumulated in the uterus; tph-1(mg280) is shown. Scale bar is 20 µm. (b) The comparison of the number of embryos accumulated in the uterus on versus off ascr#10. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (*** for p < 0.001; Kolmogorov–Smirnov test). See electronic supplementary material, table S1 for primary data and details of statistical analyses. (c) A hypothesis regarding the role of serotonin in promoting reproductive behaviour and physiology. Increased serotonin (5-HT) signalling from tph-1-expressing neurons NSM and HSN (purple) affects a number of reproductive behaviours (blue) and germline physiology (red) via the MOD-1 receptor. Up and down arrows next to traits indicate whether they are up- or downregulated by increased serotonin signalling. RIH and AIM neurons reduce serotonin signalling. The male pheromone ascr#10 stimulates serotonin signalling from NSM and HSN. The way in which ascr#10 improves sperm guidance in the hermaphrodite reproductive tract [5] is not discussed in detail here, but sperm guidance is positively regulated by serotonin signalling [17]. (Online version in colour.)