Table 2.

Least squares means for BW, BCS, DMI, and energy balance and milk components of cows fed controlled energy (CE), high energy (HE), or restricted energy (RE) diets during the dry period

Item	Treatment			SEM1	P-value
	CE	HE	RE		Time	Treatment × time	CE vs. HE	HE vs. RE
Prepartum
BW, kg	786	758	818	32.7	<0.01	0.19	0.51	0.18
BW change,2 kg	40.7	54.9	11.7	8.95	—	—	0.22	<0.01
BCS	3.57	3.49	3.59	0.12	0.03	0.88	0.65	0.56
BCS change2	−0.16	0.07	−0.08	0.12	—	—	0.15	0.35
DMI, kg/d	11.6	14.1	8.13	0.52	<0.01	0.02	<0.01	<0.01
NEL intake, Mcal/d	16.3	22.7	13.1	0.86	<0.01	0.05	<0.01	<0.01
Energy balance, Mcal/d	0.90b	7.77a	−2.59c	0.84	<0.01	0.02	<0.01	<0.01
Energy balance,3 %	106	152	84	5.33	<0.01	0.01	<0.01	<0.01
Calf birth BW, kg	43.8	44.5	43.1	1.36	—	—	0.71	0.52
Postpartum
BW, kg	664	650	706	28.5	<0.01	0.96	0.71	0.15
BCS	2.97	3.00	2.99	0.12	<0.01	0.55	0.87	0.93
BCS change2	−0.13	−0.39	−0.25	0.11	—	—	0.07	0.35
DMI, kg/d	14.8	16.2	15.8	1.00	<0.01	0.47	0.29	0.77
NEL intake, Mcal/d	23.6	26.3	25.0	1.78	<0.01	0.24	0.27	0.59
Energy balance, Mcal/d	−16.7	−14.9	−14.6	1.53	0.01	0.38	0.38	0.91
Energy balance,3 %	58.3	64.4	61.6	3.06	<0.01	0.22	0.14	0.49

¹Greatest SEM.

²For BW and BCS, prepartum change was calculated subtracting the last value before parturition minus the value at dry-off. Postpartum change was calculated subtracting the value at wk 4 minus the value at wk 1.

³Expressed as a percentage of NE_L requirements.