Table 2.
Characteristics of included studies
| Study ID (Country) | Study population | Validation process & Tool | OSA definition | Prevalence n (%) | No OSA AHI < 5 n (%) | Mild OSA AHI ≥5 to < 15 n (%) | Moderate OSA AHI ≥15 to < 30 or RDI > 15 to < 30 n (%) | Severe OSA AHI ≥30 or RDI ≥30 n (%) | QUADAS Score a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chung 2012 [41] (Canada) | 746 (non-cardiac surgery) | Lab PSG and HSAT (Embletta X100) | AHI > 5 | 510 (68.4) | 236 (31.6) | 223 (29.9) | 153 (20.5) | 134 (18.0) | 13 |
| Nunes 2014 [42] (Brazil) | 41 (abdominal surgery) | Lab PSG | AHI ≥15 | 17 (41.5) | 24 (58.5) | 17 (41.5) | 10 | ||
| 40 (CABG) | Lab PSG | AHI ≥15 | 21 (52.5) | 19 (47.5) | 21 (52.5) | ||||
| Deflandre 2017 [43] (Belgium) | 150 (Pre-operative patients; surgery type not specified)) | Lab PSG | AHI > 5 | 134 (89.3) | 16 (10.7) | 41 (27.3) | 30 (20) | 63 (42) | 9 |
| Devaraj 2017 [44] (India) | 182 (non-cardiac surgery) | HSAT (Resmed ApneaLink Plus) | AHI ≥ 5 | 70 (38.5) | 112 (61.5) | 59 (32.4) | 11 (6) | 13 | |
| Glazer 2018 [45] (Canada) | 264 (bariatric surgery) | Lab PSG | AHI > 5 | 208 (78.8) | 56 (21.2) | 80 (30.3) | 57 (21.6) | 71 (26.9) | 12 |
| Horvath 2018 [46] (Switzerland) | 251 (bariatric surgery) | HSAT (Embletta, Resmed) | AHI ≥ 5 | 109 (43.3) | 142 (56.6) | 57(22.7) | 28 (11.2) | 24 (9.6) | 11 |
| Spence 2018 [47] (United States) |
Total: 84 With valid sleep study: 82 (THA/TKA) |
HSAT (Natus Xltek or Watch-PAT200) | AHI ≥ 5 | 42 (51.2) | 40 (48.8) | 18 (21.2) | 18 (21.2) | 6 (7.3) | 10 |
| Kreitinger 2020 [48] (United States) | 214 (bariatric surgery) | Lab PSG (n = 141) and HSAT (n = 73) | AHI ≥ 15 | 97 (45.3) | 64 (29.9) | 53 (24.8) | 53 (24.8) | 44 (20.6) | 12 |
| Lazaro 2020 [49] (Spain) | 70 (bariatric surgery) | HSAT (ApneaLink vs10.20) | AHI ≥ 15 | 26 (37.1) | 44 (62.8) | 26 (37.1) | 13 | ||
| Waseem 2021- Caucasian [50] (Canada) | 183 (non-cardiac surgery) | HSAT (ApneaLink Plus, Resmed) | AHI ≥ 15 | 63 (34.4) | 46 (25.1) | 74 (40.4) | 38 (20.8) | 25 (13.7) | 13 |
| Waseem 2021- Chinese [50] (Canada) | 666 (non-cardiac surgery) | HSAT (ApneaLink Plus, Resmed | AHI ≥ 15 | 176 (26.4) | 236 (35.4) | 254 (38.1) | 104 (15.6) | 72 (10.8) | 13 |
| Waseem 2021- Indian [50] (Canada) | 161 (non-cardiac surgery) | HSAT (ApneaLink Plus, Resmed | AHI ≥ 15 | 46 (28.6) | 45 (28.0) | 70 (43.5) | 29 (18.0) | 17 (10.6) | 13 |
| Waseem 2021- Malay [50] (Canada) | 195 (non-cardiac surgery) | HSAT (ApneaLink Plus, Resmed | AHI ≥ 15 | 82 (42.1) | 62 (31.8) | 51 (26.2) | 54 (27.7) | 28 (14.4) | 13 |
aTotal QUADAS score range = 0–14. Abbreviations: AHI apnea-hypopnea index, Bang body mass index, age, neck circumference, gender, BMI body mass index, CABG coronary artery bypass graft surgery, HSAT home sleep apnea testing, OSA obstructive sleep apnea, PSG polysomnography, QUADAS quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies, RDI respiratory disturbance index, STOP snoring, tiredness, observed apnea and high blood pressure, THA total hip arthroplasty, TKA total knee arthroplasty