Fig. 4.

Visual presentation of conventional B-mode and Doppler ultrasound, q2D- and q3D-HDMI images of malignant and benign breast lesions. a–f Illustration of a 36 mm breast mass, invasive ductal carcinoma, Nottingham grade III, from a 55-yrs-old female. g–l Illustration of a small 3 mm breast lesion, invasive ductal carcinoma Nottingham grade II, from a 40-yr-old female. m–r Illustration of a 16 mm breast lesion, benign dense stromal fibrosis, from a 43-yrs-old female. s–x Illustration of a 26 mm mass due with pathology indicating benign gynecomastia from a 79-yrs-old male. The first column (a, g, m, s) are the clinical B-mode images. The second column (b, h, n, t) are the corresponding 2D color Doppler images. The third column (c, i, o, u) are the corresponding 2D high-definition microvasculature imaging (HDMI) images. The fourth (d, j, p, v) and the fifth (e, k, q, w) columns are the corresponding 3D HDMI images obtained at different views. The quantitative parameters for the two malignant and benign lesions obtained from q3D-HDMI and q2D-HDMI are shown in the figures (f, l, r, x). HDMI = high-definition microvasculature imaging