Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics and causes of deaths between patients during delta variant dominant period and omicron variant dominant period.
| Characteristics | Total (n = 84) | Delta (n = 42) | Omicron (n = 42) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 72.5 (65.0–81.0) | 74.0 (66.8–82.0) | 71.5 (60.8–81.0) | 0.282 |
| Male gender | 57 (67.9) | 27 (64.3) | 30 (71.4) | 0.483 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 22 (26.2) | 9 (21.4) | 13 (31.0) | 0.321 |
| Hypertension | 40 (47.6) | 22 (52.4) | 18 (42.9) | 0.382 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 23 (27.4) | 10 (23.8) | 13 (31.0) | 0.463 |
| Chronic lung disease | 13 (15.5) | 5 (11.9) | 8 (19.0) | 0.365 |
| Liver disease | 10 (11.9) | 3 (7.1) | 7 (16.7) | 0.178 |
| Renal disease | 15 (17.9) | 9 (21.4) | 6 (14.3) | 0.393 |
| Solid cancer | 31 (36.9) | 13 (31.0) | 18 (42.9) | 0.258 |
| Hematologic malignancy | 4 (4.8) | 0 | 4 (9.5) | 0.116 |
| Rheumatic disease | 4 (4.8) | 4 (9.5) | 0 | 0.116 |
| Obesity (BMI>25) | 21 (25.0) | 12 (28.6) | 9 (21.4) | 0.450 |
| Smoking | 2 (2.4) | 0 | 2 (4.8) | 0.494 |
| Symptoms at diagnosis | ||||
| Fever | 18 (21.4) | 11 (26.2) | 7 (16.7) | 0.287 |
| Chill | 4 (4.8) | 3 (7.1) | 1 (2.4) | 0.616 |
| Cough | 20 (23.8) | 15 (35.7) | 5 (11.9) | 0.010 |
| Sputum | 15 (17.9) | 8 (19.0) | 7 (16.7) | 0.776 |
| Sore throat | 5 (6.0) | 3 (7.1) | 2 (4.8) | > 0.999 |
| Dyspnea | 50 (59.5) | 22 (52.4) | 28 (66.7) | 0.182 |
| Rhinorrhea | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| Hemoptysis | 1 (1.2) | 0 | 1 (2.4) | > 0.999 |
| Chest pain | 4 (4.8) | 0 | 4 (9.5) | 0.116 |
| Diarrhea | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| Headache | 4 (4.8) | 3 (7.1) | 1 (2.4) | 0.616 |
| Myalgia | 3 (3.6) | 3 (7.1) | 0 | 0.241 |
| Hypogeusia | 1 (1.2) | 1 (2.4) | 0 | > 0.999 |
| Pneumonia at admission | 74 (88.1) | 40 (95.2) | 34 (81.0) | 0.043 |
| Severity | 0.175 | |||
| Mild to moderate | 19 | 7 | 12 | |
| Severe | 34 | 21 | 13 | |
| Critical | 31 | 14 | 17 | |
| Deaths | 84/1020 (8.2) | 42/366 (11.5) | 42/654 (6.4) | |
| COVID-19 pneumonia | 64/84 (76.2) | 37/42 (88.1) | 27/42 (64.3) | 0.010 |
| Other causes | 19/84 (22.6) | 5/42 (11.9) | 14/42 (33.3) | 0.019 |
| Underlying disease | 5 | 1 | 4 | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 6 | 1 | 5 | |
| Bleeding | 3 | 1 | 2 | |
| Sepsis | 5 | 2 | 3 | |
| Indeterminate cause | 1/84 (1.2) | 0 | 1/42 (2.4) | > 0.999 |
Data are presented as number (%) unless otherwise indicated. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019, IQR, interquartile range