Table 2.
Summary of meta-analyses which pooled the ratios of BMI assessment by patient groups
| Predictor | Comparison | No of studies | Pooled risk ratio | I2, heterogeneity test, p value |
| Demographics | ||||
| Sex | Female vs male (reference) | 15 | 1.28 (1.10,1.50) | 99.8%, p<0.001 |
| Age | Closest to 65 years vs closest to 30 years (reference) | 12 | 0.90 (0.50,1.63) | 100%, p<0.001 |
| Race/ethnicity | Non-white vs white (reference) | 9 | 1.27 (1.03,1.57) | 99.6%, p<0.001 |
| Deprivation index | Highest deprivation vs least (reference) | 4 | 1.21 (1.18,1.24) | 73.9%, p=0.009 |
| BMI category | Highest BMI vs lowest BMI (reference) | 8 | 1.55 (0.99,2.45) | 99.6%, p<0.001 |
| Smoking status | Current smoker vs never smoker (reference) | 3 | 1.01 (0.90,1.14) | 98.3%, p<0.001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| No of comorbidities | Most vs fewest (reference) | 10 | 2.11 (1.60,2.79) | 99.6%, p<0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | Present vs absent (reference) | 7 | 0.94 (0.81,1.10) | 98.0%, p<0.001 |
| Diabetes | Present vs absent (reference) | 9 | 1.19 (0.93,1.52) | 99.0%, p<0.001 |
| Dyslipidaemia | Present vs absent (reference) | 6 | 1.12 (0.92,1.37) | 99.5%, p<0.001 |
| Hypertension | Present vs absent (reference) | 10 | 1.17 (0.98,1.40) | 99.5%, p<0.001 |
| Mental illness | Present vs absent (reference) | 3 | 1.16 (0.79,1.70) | 99.6%, p<0.001 |
| Depression | Present vs absent (reference) | 3 | 1.22 (0.85,1.74) | 98.7%, p<0.001 |
BMI, body mass index.