Table 4.

Results of meta-regression analyses on the prevalence of depression and anxiety based on 12 studies on depression and 13 studies on anxiety ^a,b

Type of analysis		β	95% CI	P
Depression (n=12)	Age	-0.02	-0.07, 0,03	0.378
	Sample size Assessment (Reference: CDI (≥19))	0.01	-0.01, 0.01	0.285
	DSRS-C (≥15)	-0.06	-0.20, 0.08	0.270
	PHQ-9 (≥5)	0.27	0.13, 0.41	0.008
	PHQ-9 (≥10)	0.54	0.37, 0.72	0.002
	CDI-S (≥7)	0.06	-0.12, 0.23	0.382
	CES-D (≥16)	0.22	0.05, 0.39	0.025
	PQSPHE (each factor score≥2)	-0.14	-0.31, 0.02	0.072
	SDS (≥50)	0.21	-0.10, 0.52	0.122
	MMHI-60 (each factor score≥2)	0.09	-0.08, 0.26	0.184
Anxiety (n=13)	Age	-0.01	-0.05, 0.03	0.722
	Sample size Assessment (Reference: GAD-7 (≥5))	0.01	-0.01, 0.01	0.813
	SCARED (≥25)	-0.15	-0.33, 0.03	0.092
	SCARED (≥23)	-0.16	-0.32, -0.01	0.045
	SAS (standard score≥50)	-0.28	-0.51, -0.05	0.026
	PQSPHE (each factor score≥2)	-0.35	-0.58, -0.12	0.011
	GAD-7 (≥8)	0.19	-0.04, 0.43	0.094
	MMHI-60 (each factor score≥2)	-0.06	-0.29, 0.18	0.581

DSRS-C: Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children; SCARED: Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders; PHQ-9: 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire; GAD-7: 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale; SDS: Self-rating Depression Scale; CDI-S: Children's Depression Inventory–Short Form; CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; SAS: Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; MMHI-60: Mental Health Inventory of Middle-school students; PQSPHE: Psychological Questionnaire for Sudden Public Health Events.

^a: Because only two articles were included for sleep disorders and posttraumatic stress symptoms, so no meta-regression analyses were conducted.

^b: Meta-regression analysis was used to evaluate the heterogeneity of different studies, adjusting age, gender, and measurement scale of depression and anxiety.

Numbers in bold indicate significance.