Table 2.

Characteristics of fracture patients, by presence or absence of osteoporosis as diagnosed by endocrinologist, and vitamin D deficiency

Parameter	Osteoporosis			Vitamin D status
	Osteoporosis (n = 46)	No Osteoporosis (n = 133)	p value	Vitamin D  < 30 nmol/L (n = 34)	Vitamin D  ≥ 30 nmol/L (n = 145)	p value
General characteristics
Male gender, n (%)	8 (17.4)	32 (24.1)	0.35	9 (26.5)	31 (21.4)	0.521
Age (years), mean (SD)	66.9 (10.3)	64.4 (10.5)	0.17	69.0 (14.6)	64.2 (9.1)	0.02
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD)	24.5 (3.0)	27.5 (4.4)	< 0.01	27.5 (4.8)	26.5 (4.2)	0.22
Medical history, n (%)	43 (93.9)	118 (88.7)	0.57	34 (100.0)	127 (87.6)	0.03
Hypertension	20 (43.5)	44 (33.1)	0.21	17 (50.0)	98 (67.6)	0.05
Diabetes	3 (6.5)	8 (6.0)	0.90	2 (5.9)	9 (6.2)	1.00
COPD	1 (2.2)	6 (4.5)	0.68	1 (2.9)	4 (2.8)	1.00
Hyper(para)thyroidism	1 (2.0)	4 (3.0)	0.77	3 (8.8)	4 (2.8)	0.13
Renal insufficiency	0 (0)	6 (4.5)	0.34	2 (5.9)	4 (2.8)	0.32
≥ 2 previous fractures	13 (28.3)	21 (15.8)	0.06	6 (17.6)	28 (19.3)	1.00
Use of medication, n (%)	33 (71.7)	95 (71.4)	0.97	26 (76.5)	102 (70.3)	0.48
Vitamin D	5 (10.9)	3 (2.3)	0.03	0 (0.0)	8 (5.5)	0.36
Corticosteroids	2 (4.3)	15 (10.5)	0.37	5 (14.7)	11 (7.6)	0.19
Laboratory results, mean (SD)
Vitamin D (nmol/L)	61.9 (30.6)	54.4 (27.1)	0.12	–	–	–
Corrected calcium (mmol/L)	2.35 (0.08)	2.37 (0.10)	0.22	2.33 (0.06)	2.37 (0.10)	0.03
PTH (pmol/L)	4.0 (1.6)	5.0 (3.3)	0.04	6.4 (4.2)	4.4 (2.4)	< 0.001
eGFR (min/ml/1.73m2)	64.4 (12.9)	59.6 (8.0)	0.004	58.5 (12.9)	61.4 (8.7)	0.12
Sclerostin (pmol/L)	41.9 (14.4)	48.1 (17.5)	0.03	42.7 (16.1)	47.4 (17.1)	0.15

Bold values indicate significant p values

BMI body mass index, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PTH parathyroid hormone, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate