Table 4.
Comparative results of different loss functions with four state-of-the-art methods on 10 LiTS17-training datasets
| Methods | Loss | Dice (%) | VOE (%) | RVD (%) | ASSD (mm) | MSD (mm) | Training time | Test time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FCN | DL | 92.46 ± 3.52 | 13.83 ± 5.83 | −1.65 ± 8.74 | 2.86 ± 1.24 | 81.94 ± 28.95 | 4 h 31 min 13 s | 33 s |
| DL + BL | 94.29 ± 1.9 | 10.75 ± 3.36 | 2.24 ± 5.02 | 2.69 ± 1.16 | 66.36 ± 33.46 | 4 h 36 min 22 s | 33.4 s | |
| U-Net | DL | 94.08 ± 2.06 | 11.12 ± 3.65 | −0.48 ± 5.58 | 3.07 ± 2.08 | 66.03 ± 27.91 | 7 h 49 min 13 s | 36.4 s |
| DL + BL | 95.71 ± 2.10 | 8.16 ± 3.76 | 3.35 ± 4.22 | 2.06 ± 1.41 | 57.88 ± 29.03 | 7 h 50 min 27 s | 36.9 s | |
| Attention U-Net | DL | 94.37 ± 2.27 | 10.58 ± 4.04 | 0.37 ± 6.91 | 2.91 ± 1.57 | 82.03 ± 31.43 | 8 h 56 min 35 s | 36.8 s |
| DL + BL | 95.84 ± 1.29 | 7.96 ± 2.38 | 2.45 ± 2.81 | 2.03 ± 1.07 | 71.54 ± 34.06 | 8 h 58 min 15 s | 36.8 s | |
| Attention Res-U-Net | DL | 94.93 ± 1.63 | 9.61 ± 2.97 | 2.23 ± 4.12 | 2.77 ± 1.69 | 62.69 ± 19.71 | 9 h 48 min 56 s | 37.1 s |
| DL + BL | 96.04 ± 1.03 | 7.60 ± 1.90 | 0.86 ± 3.27 | 1.43 ± 0.47 | 56.99 ± 20.01 | 9 h 33 min 7 s | 37.7 s | |
| EAR-U-Net | DL | 95.95 ± 0.76 | 7.77 ± 1.42 | 0.50 ± 2.36 | 1.35 ± 0.82 | 35.96 ± 20.62 | 6 h 45 min 54 s | 41.2 s |
| DL + BL | 96.63 ± 0.82 | 6.50 ± 1.52 | 1.18 ± 2.27 | 1.29 ± 0.35 | 36.79 ± 13.24 | 6 h 49 min 55 s | 42.3 s |
For each metric, bold value indicate the best result in that column