Table 1.
Characteristics of the population in training set and validation sets.
| Features | Training set(Shijiazhuang, n=458) | Internal Validation set(Shijiazhuang, n=197) | External Validation set(Handan, n=450) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age(years) | 31.21 ± 4.60 | 30.98 ± 4.58 | 28.29 ± 4.36 | 0.18 |
| Gestational weeks at delivery (weeks) | 38.29 ± 1.13 | 38.18 ± 1.05 | 38.46 ± 1.28 | 0.15 |
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 24.65 ± 4.57 | 24.05 ± 4.60 | 24.35 ± 4.70 | 0.13 |
| Added weight during pregnancy (kg) | 13.44 ± 2.37 | 13.21 ± 2.32 | 13.52 ± 2.39 | 0.24 |
| Uterine height (cm) | 33.29 ± 2.26 | 33.29 ± 2.18 | 32.08 ± 2.73 | 0.98 |
| Maternal abdominal circumference (cm) | 96.15 ± 7.31 | 95.33 ± 6.90 | 94.68 ± 7.01 | 0.07 |
| GDM (%) | ||||
| Yes | 210 (46) | 76 (39) | 116 (35) | 0.09 |
| No | 248 (54) | 121 (61) | 334 (64) | |
| Prepregnancy obesity (%) | ||||
| Yes | 131 (29) | 51 (26) | 116 (26) | 0.48 |
| No | 327 (71) | 146 (74) | 334 (74) | |
| Hypertriglyceridemia (%) | ||||
| Yes | 132 (29) | 49 (25) | 228 (38) | 0.30 |
| No | 326 (71) | 148 (75) | 222 (62) | |
| Hypercholesteremia (%) | ||||
| Yes | 141 (31) | 67 (34) | 103 (23) | 0.42 |
| No | 317 (69) | 130 (66) | 347 (77) | |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.52 ± 0.41 | 1.58 ± 0.40 | 1.83 ± 0.54 | 0.42 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.11 ± 0.64 | 3.17 ± 0.63 | 3.05 ± 0.55 | 0.27 |
| Serum creatinine (mmol/L) | 62.26 ± 15.15 | 64.76 ± 15.35 | 67.81 ± 14.26 | 0.12 |
| Serum uric acid (mmol/L) | 294.06 ± 63.10 | 297.29 ± 64.87 | 292.44 ± 64.27 | 0.73 |
| OGTT (mmol/L) | ||||
| FPG | 4.88 ± 0.68 | 4.78 ± 0.62 | 4.93 ± 0.85 | 0.10 |
| OGTT 1hPG | 9.04 ± 1.38 | 9.02 ± 1.41 | 9.19 ± 1.71 | 0.93 |
| OGTT 2hPG | 6.89 ± 1.06 | 6.77 ± 1.11 | 6.95 ± 1.08 | 0.22 |
| Fetal biparietal diameter (cm) | 9.37 ± 0.36 | 9.42 ± 0.35 | 9.10 ± 0.61 | 0.09 |
| Fetal abdominal circumference (cm) | 35.03 ± 2.12 | 34.70 ± 2.20 | 35.09 ± 2.18 | 0.07 |
Values are expressed as means ± SD (standard variation) or frequency (%). GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein. OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; FBG, fasting blood glucose; OGTT 1hPG, oral glucose tolerance 1-h plasma glucose; OGTT 2hPG, oral glucose tolerance test 2-h plasma glucose. P-values: Comparison between model development set and internal validation set by using the t-test or the Mantel–Haenszel chi-square test.