Table 3.
Univariate regression of the theory coding scheme (TCS) items, TCS categories, and total score at endpoint (results of metaregression).
| Theory coding scheme item (item number) | Studies where item coded as present, n (%) | Univariate | ||
|
|
Β | 95% CI | P value | |
| Theory or model of behavior mentioned (I1) | 19 (100) | N/Aa | N/A | N/A |
| Targeted construct mentioned as predictor of behavior (I2) | 15 (89) | 0.1505 | (–0.5630, 0.8640) | .68 |
| Intervention based on single theory (I3) | 2 (11) | 0.4335 | (–0.2318, 1.0989) | .20 |
| Theory or predictors used to select recipients for the intervention (I4) | 1 (5) | 0.4489 | (–0.6274, 1.5252) | .41 |
| Theory or predictors used to select or develop intervention techniques (I5) | 19 (100) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Theory or predictors used to tailor intervention techniques to recipients (I6) | 1 (5) | 0.4489 | (–0.6274, 1.5252) | .41 |
| All intervention techniques are explicitly linked to at least one theory-relevant construct or predictor (I7) | 3 (16) | 0.6459 | (0.0530, 1.2387) |
.03b |
| At least one, but not all, of the intervention techniques are explicitly linked to at least one theory-relevant construct or predictor (I8) | 18 (95) | 0.5413 | (–0.3370, 1.4197) | .23 |
| Group of techniques are linked to a group of constructs or predictors (I9) | 3 (16) | 0.2127 | (–0.3329, 0.7583) | .45 |
| All theory-relevant constructs or predictors are explicitly linked to at least one intervention technique (I10) | 1 (5) | 1.4679 | (0.1052, 2.8306) | .03b |
| At least one, but not all, of the theory-relevant constructs or predictors are explicitly linked to at least one intervention technique (I11) | 17 (89) | 0.5188 | (–0.1237, 1.1613) | .11 |
| Theory-relevant constructs are measured: after intervention (I12a) | 18 (95) | 0.5413 | (–0.3370, 1.4197) | .23 |
| Theory-relevant constructs are measured: after and before intervention (I12b) | 10 (53) | 0.0811 | (–0.3403, 0.5025) | .71 |
| Changes in measured theory-relevant constructs or predictors (I13) | 9 (47) | 0.2884 | (–0.1167, 0.6935) | .16 |
| Mediator predicts the dependent variable (I14a) | 2 (11) | 0.2495 | (–0.4229, 0.9218) | .47 |
| Mediator predicts dependent variable, controlling for the independent variable (I14b) | 2 (11) | 0.2495 | (–0.4229, 0.9218) | .47 |
| Intervention does not predict the dependent variable when controlling the independent variable (I14c) | 0 (0) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Mediated effect is statistically significant (I14d) | 2 (11) | 0.2495 | (–0.4229, 0.9218) | .47 |
| Results discussed in relation to theory (I15) | 8 (42) | 0.0104 | (–0.4144, 0.4352) | .96 |
| Appropriate support for theory (I16) | 2 (11) | 0.2495 | (–0.4229, 0.9218) | .47 |
| Results used to refine theory: adding or removing constructs to the theory (I17a) | 0 (0) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Results used to refine theory: specifying that the interrelationships between the theoretical constructs should be changed (I17b) | 0 (0) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
aN/A: not applicable.
bP<.05.