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. 2022 Nov 17;13:1074399. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1074399

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Copyright © 2022 Zheng, Liu, Wang, Yang, Zhou, Sun and Zhao

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic diagram depicting the effects and possible mechanisms of the effects of CPC substitution and Bacillus coagulans intervention on gut microbes, derived secondary metabolites, and intestinal physiological functions of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The red arrow represents the action path of CPC substitution, and the blue arrow represents the action path of Bacillus coagulans intervention. The upward arrow represents upregulation or promotion, and the downward arrow represents downregulation or suppression. CPC, cottonseed protein concentrate.