Table 1.
Continuous data are summarized as mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile ranges (IQR). Categorical data are presented as frequencies and percentages. Significant p values are indicated in bold.
| All patients | preCOVID-19 | COVID-19 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
A. Baseline demographic information | ||||
| N (%) | 255 (100) | 169 (66.2) | 86 (33.7) | |
| Age, years (SD) | 48.2 (12.9) | 49.1 (13.1) | 46.6 (12.5) | 0.13 |
| Sex, Female (%) | 193 (75.6) | 126 (74.6) | 67 (77.9) | 0.55 |
| Race, White (%) | 245 (96.1) | 167 (98.8) | 78 (90.7) | 0.0008 |
|
Baseline clinical information | ||||
| Weight, kg (SD) | 119.6 (29.3) | 118 (23.8) | 122.7 (37.9) | 0.29 |
| BMI, kg/m2(SD) | 41.86 (8.5) | 41.7 (7.4) | 42.3 (10.2) | 0.63 |
| Overweight, n (%) | 11 (4.3) | 6 (3.6) | 5 (5.8) | 0.41 |
| Obesity Class 1, n (%) | 53 (20.8) | 33 (19.5) | 20 (23.3) | 0.49 |
| Obesity Class 2, n (%) | 50 (19.6) | 29 (17.2) | 21 (24.4) | 0.17 |
| Obesity Class 3, n (%) | 141 (55.3) | 101 (59.8) | 40 (46.5) | 0.04 |
| SBP, mmHg (SD) | 129 (15) | 129 (15) | 129 (15) | 0.90 |
| DBP, mmHg (SD) | 78 (22) | 78 (10) | 78 (12) | 0.80 |
| Glucose, mg/dL (SD) | 122 (52) | 129 (61) | 109 (29) | 0.03 |
| HbA1c, % (SD) | 7.0 (1.7) | 7.1 (1.8) | 6.5 (1.2) | 0.11 |
| Total Cholesterol, mg/dL (SD) | 179 (49) | 175 (40) | 186 (61) | 0.32 |
| Total Triglycerides, mg/dL (SD) | 151 (78) | 160 (84) | 133 (63) | 0.06 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mg/dl (SD) | 103 (40) | 96 (32) | 115 (51) | 0.04 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mg/dl (SD) | 50 (14) | 48 (14) | 53 (13) | 0.08 |
|
B. Comorbidities | ||||
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 153 (60) | 106 (62.7) | 47 (54.7) | 0.35 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 80 (31.4) | 58 (34.3) | 22 (25.6) | 0.15 |
| Prediabetes, n (%) | 23 (9.1) | 13 (7.7) | 10 (11.6) | 0.36 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 123 (48.2) | 81 (47.9) | 42 (48.8) | 0.69 |
| GERD, n (%) | 66 (25.9) | 44 (26) | 22 (25.6) | 0.93 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea, n (%) | 92 (36.1) | 63 (37.3) | 29 (33.7) | 0.58 |
| Degenerative joint disease, n (%) | 83 (32.5) | 67 (39.6) | 16 (18.6) | 0.0009 |
| NAFLD, n (%) | 19 (7.5) | 13 (7.7) | 6 (7.0) | 0.89 |
|
C. Medication | ||||
| Phentermine/topiramate, n (%) | 124 (48.6) | 92 (54.4) | 32 (37.2) | 0.01 |
| Naltrexone/bupropion, n (%) | 59 (23.1) | 31 (18.3) | 28 (32.6) | 0.01 |
| Liraglutide, n (%) | 72 (28.2) | 46 (27.2) | 26 (30.2) | 0.66 |
All p values < 0.05 were considered significant.
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; HbA1c, Hemoglobin A1c; HDL, High-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
Diagnosis of obesity comorbidities was based on diagnoses listed by clinicians.