TABLE 2.
Target genes of Nrf2 involved in preventing ferroptosis.
| Target genes | Effects | References | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GSH Metabolism | Glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM) | Promote GSH synthesis | Sasaki et al. (2002) |
| GSH synthetase (GSS) | Promote GSH synthesis | Sasaki et al. (2002) | |
| GPX4 | Anti-lipid peroxidation | (Rojo de la Vega et al., 2018; Tonelli et al., 2018) | |
| NADPH quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) | Anti-lipid peroxidation | Ross and Siegel, (2021) | |
| SLC7A11 | Transport cysteine into cells | Fan et al. (2017) | |
| glutathione-S-transferases pi 1 and alpha 1 (GSTP1 and GSTA1) | Reduction of oxidized substrates with GSH or NADPH | Nebert and Vasiliou, (2004) | |
| Intermediate metabolism | Small heterodimer partner (SHP) | Involve in lipid metabolism | Huang et al. (2010) |
| Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG) | Involve in lipid metabolism | Cho et al. (2010) | |
| Aldo-ketoreductases (AKR1B1, AKR1B10) | Reduction of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols | Jung et al. (2013) | |
| Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) | Glucose metabolism/NAPDH regeneration | Thimmulappa et al. (2002) | |
| Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 (ALDH1A1) | Oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids | Duong et al. (2017) | |
| Iron metabolism | ABCB6 | Participate in the heme biosynthetic pathway | Campbell et al. (2013) |
| Ferrochelatase (FECH) | Participate in the heme biosynthetic pathway | (Campbell et al., 2013; Yang et al., 2022a) | |
| Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) | Decompose heme into biliverdin and free iron | Alam et al. (1999) | |
| Biliverdin reductase A (BLVRA) | Repress BACH1 and allows Nrf2 to express HO-1 | (Klóska et al., 2019; Consoli et al., 2021) | |
| Ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) | Subunit of transferrin that affects iron ion transport | Tsuji et al. (2000) | |
| Ferritin light chain (FTL) | Subunit of transferrin that affects iron ion transport | Tsuji et al. (2000) | |
| Ferroportin 1 (FPN1) | Unstable iron can be exported from the cytosol through FPN1 | Pietsch et al. (2003) |