Table 1.

Functions of astrocytes.

Astrocytes functions	Major subjects of studies	References
Maintain homeostasis	Boundaries and retinal blood barrier (BRB)	Vecino et al. (2016)
	Hypoxia and mechanical sensor	Choi et al. (2015) and Selvam et al. (2018)
	Nutritional supplements and water flow regulation	Fukuda et al. (2010)
Regulate neuronal activity	Synapse	Farhy-Tselnicker et al. (2017)
	Neurotransmitter	Cahoy et al. (2008)
	Neurotrophic factors (NF)	Dulz et al. (2020)
Participate in the immune responses	Reactive astrocytes	Liddelow and Barres (2017)
	A1 and A2 astrocytes	Liddelow et al. (2017)