Table 6. Factors related to children’s SDQ.

	Total difficulties	Prosocial behaviors
	β	β
Intercept	18.49***	3.83***
Gender (boy = 1, girl = 0)	0.06	-0.40***
Grade (4th grade = 1, 3th grade = 0)	-0.67**	0.29***
Mobile gaming preferences (multi-player = 1, single-/non-player = 0)	0.44*	0.02
Mobile violent game playing (yes = 1, no = 0)	0.86**	-0.30**
Mobile gaming addiction (yes = 1, no = 0)	2.91***	-0.90***
Mobile violence exposure (yes = 1, no = 0)	0.74**	0.02
Mobile pornography exposure (yes = 1, no = 0)	0.80**	-0.07
Cyber victimization (yes = 1, no = 0)	1.06**	0.08
Cyber aggression (yes = 1, no = 0)	2.23***	-0.43
Parent-child relationship (1–3)	-2.08***	1.06***
Resident location (rural = 1, urban = 0)	0.26	-0.19*
Region (Taiwan = 1, China = 0)	-0.52*	-0.30**

Note. Multiple regression models were conducted.

Total difficulties model n = 2619; Prosocial behaviors model n = 2652.

The results indicate that multiplayers and online risk is associated with higher total difficulties scores, while online risk is also associated with lower scores for prosocial behaviors.

*p<0.05

**p<0.01

***p<0.001