TABLE 4.
Univariate and multivariate associations between low muscle quantity (low L3-SMI) and low muscle quality (low L3-SMD or high L3-IMAT) and OS, PFS, or CSS.
| Univariate analyses | Multivariate analyses (Adjusted by age, sex, stage, diabetes, BMI, and previous weight loss) | |||||
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| HR | 95% CI | P-value | HR | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Overall survival | ||||||
| Low L3-SMD (Martin)a | 2.12 | 1.41–3.19 | < 0.001 | 1.88 | 1.09–3.23 | 0.022 |
| Low L3-SMI (Martin)a | 1.19 | 0.74–1.93 | 0.47 | 0.86 | 0.50–1.47 | 0.574 |
| High L3-IMAT (cut-point)b | 2.62 | 1.71–4.03 | < 0.001 | 2.04 | 1.27–3.27 | 0.003 |
| Progression free survival | ||||||
| Low L3-SMD (Martin)a | 2.37 | 1.64–3.43 | < 0.001 | 2.26 | 1.39–3.66 | 0.001 |
| Low L3-SMI (Martin)a | 1.18 | 0.78–1.81 | 0.45 | 0.84 | 0.51–1.36 | 0.469 |
| High L3-IMAT (cut-point)b | 2.34 | 1.60–3.42 | < 0.001 | 1.97 | 1.30–2.97 | 0.001 |
| Cancer-specific survival | ||||||
| Low L3-SMD (Martin)a | 2.46 | 1.53–3.96 | < 0.001 | 2.40 | 1.28–4.51 | 0.006 |
| Low L3-SMI (Martin)a | 1.25 | 0.72–2.16 | 0.43 | 0.94 | 0.51–1.74 | 0.854 |
| High L3-IMAT (cut-point)b | 2.56 | 1.56–4.23 | < 0.001 | 1.81 | 1.04–3.13 | 0.034 |
Multivariate associations were adjusted by age, sex, HNC stage (III and IV vs. I and II), diabetes, BMI, and previous weight loss. HR, Hazard Ratio; CI, confidence interval; L3, third lumbar vertebrae; SMD, skeletal muscle density; SMI, skeletal muscle index; IMAT, intermuscular adipose tissue; PT, proximal thigh.
aCut-offs according to Martin et al. (11).
bCut-offs according to cut-point analysis on our population.