Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Dec 2;186(1):112–130.e20. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.030

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2022 The Authors

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

PMC Copyright notice

Figure S5 — Mucociliary transport assists in the spread of SARS-CoV-2, related to Figure 5

(A–D) Cilia beating defect doesn’t affect the structure of cilia and microvilli, the epithelium development, and the expression level of ACE2 and TMPRSS2. (A) Representative IF staining of ACTUB, IFT88, and ARL13B in HNEs from control (upper panel, Donor 5) and PCD patients (down panel, PCD Donor 1, see Table S2). Similar results were observed from samples harvested from Donor 6–8 and PCD Donor 2 and 3. (B) Representative IF images of ACTUB and EZR with phalloidin in control (upper panel, Donor 5) and PCD (down panel, PCD Donor 1, see Table S2) HNEs. Similar results were observed from samples harvested from Donors 6–8 and PCD Donors 2 and 3. (C) Representative double IF staining of MUC5AC, ACTUB, and phalloidin in control (left image) and PCD (right image) HNEs. Quantified percentages of MUC5AC positive cells (right panel). Error bars represent mean ± SD (2,000–3,000 cells were quantified from control and PCD HNEs from Donor 5–8 and PCD Donor 1–3, see Tables S1 and S2). NS represents not significant, paired, two-tailed Student’s t test. Each dot represents one donor. (D) ACE2 and TMPRSS2 mRNA expression in control and PCD HNEs. Error bars represent mean ± SD (data was collected from Donors 5–8 and PCD Donors 1–3, see Tables S1 and S2).

(E and F) SARS-CoV-2 infection doesn’t affect cell boundaries and cell-cell junctions. SARS-CoV-2-infected HNEs (Donor 3, see Table S1) with MOI of 0.3 were fixed at 24 and 48 hpi. Cells were observed by TEM (E) and IF (F). (F) Representative IF staining of SARS-CoV-2 SP and β-catenin in combination with phalloidin in ALI-cultured HNEs from Donor 1, see Table S1. Scale bars represent 5 μm (A, B, and F) and 20 μm (C).