. 2021 Jan 19;41(12):8862–8875. doi: 10.1007/s12144-020-01296-w

Table 4.

Pairwise comparisons of repeated measures ANOVAs (N = 177)

			95% – CI			Significance (2-tailed)	Cohens‘s d_s^b
Expression/displayed behavior	Hypothesis	Mean Diff.	lower	upper	t(176)	Significance (2-tailed)	Cohens‘s d_s^b
Grandiose narcissism	OG – CV	0.73	0.57	0.90	11.58	<.001	1.32
Grandiose narcissism	GN(PO) – GN(PC)	0.74	0.58	0.90	12.38	<.001	1.17
Vulnerable narcissism	OV – CG	0.92	0.75	1.10	14.53	<.001	1.62
Vulnerable narcissism	VN(PC) – VN(PO)	1.17	0.96	1.37	15.25	<.001	1.72

Formula: ds = (M2 − M1)/SD_pooled

^bNote. Cohen’s d_s with pooled standard deviation (adapted from Cohen, 1988)

OG overt grandiosity, CV covert vulnerability, OV overt vulnerability, CG covert grandiosity, PO parental overvaluation, PC parental coldness, GN grandiose narcissism, VN vulnerable narcissism