Table 2.
Comparison of COVID naive KTRs in terms of humoral and cellular immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
|
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG (-) (n = 11) |
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG ( +) (n = 35) |
P value |
nAb (-) (n = 21) |
nAb ( +) (n = 25) |
p value |
IGRA (-) (n = 17) |
IGRA ( +) (n = 29) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical characteristics | |||||||||
| Age, years | 14.0 (4.0) | 16.0 (4.0) | 0.221 | 14.0 (3.5) | 16.5 (5.2) | 0.089 | 16.0 (4.0) | 16.0 (5.0) | 0.604 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 7/11 (63.6) | 24/35 (68.6) | 1.000 | 12/21 (57.1) | 19/25 (76.0) | 0.174 | 10/17 (58.8) | 21/29 (72.4) | 0.516 |
| Time on transplantation, months | 102 (14) | 69 (65) | 0.005 | 92.5 (38.7) | 71.5(65.5) | 0.732 | 101 (55) | 74 (59) | 0.909 |
| Living related donor, n (%) | 9/11 (81.8) | 32/35 (91.4) | 0.580 | 18/21 (85.7) | 23/25 (92) | 0.648 | 16/17 (94.1) | 25/29 (86.2) | 0.637 |
| Viral infection history (EBV, CMV and/or BKV history), n (%) | 3/10 (30.0) | 4/34 (11.8) | 0.322 | 4/20 (20.0) | 3/24 (12.5) | 0.684 | 1/17 (5.9) | 6/27 (22.2) | 0.220 |
| Time after 2nd vaccine, months | 6.0 (3.0) | 9.0 (7.5) | 0.454 | 6.0 (6.2) | 9.0 (7.2) | 0.222 | 8.0 (12) | 8.0 (5) | 0.556 |
| Immunosuppressive treatment | |||||||||
| Induction therapy, (no/anti IL2 R/ATG) | 0/9/2 | 2/26/7 | 1.000 | 2/14/5 | 0/21/4 | 0.200 | 2/11/4 | 0/24/5 | 0.130 |
| Acute rejection history, n (%) | 3/11 (27.3) | 0/35 (0) | 0.012 | 3/21 (14.3) | 0/23 (0) | 0.100 | 2/17 (11.8) | 1/27(3.7) | 0.549 |
| Rituximab treatment, n (%) | 3/11 (27.3) | 0/35 (0) | 0.012 | 3/21 (14.3) | 0/25 (0) | 0.100 | 2/17 (11.8) | 1/29 (3.4) | 1 |
| Total ATG treatment, n (%) | 2/11 (18.2) | 7/35 (20.0) | 1.000 | 5/21 (23.8) | 4/25 (16.0) | 0.711 | 4/17 (23.5) | 5/29 (17.2) | 0.707 |
| Maintenance immunosuppression | |||||||||
| Steroid, (no/daily/alternate day) | 0/4/7 | 2/6/27 | 0.339 | 0/6/15 | 3/4/19 | 0.412 | 0/4/13 | 2/6/21 | 0.740 |
| MMF/MPA, n (%) | 11/11 (100) | 34/35 (97.1) | 1.000 | 21/21(100) | 24/25 (96.0) | 1.000 | 16/17 (94.1) | 29/29 (100) | 0.370 |
| MMF dose, mg/m2/day | 654 (144) | 666 (177) | 0.687 | 655 (61) | 666 (244) | 0.333 | 650 (411) | 671 (159) | 0.661 |
| Tacrolimus dose, mg/kg/day | 0.05 (0.06) | 0.07 (0.04) | 0.963 | 0.08 (0.05) | 0.06 (0.05) | 0.063 | 0.08 (0.06) | 0.07 (0.05) | 0.847 |
| Tacrolimus through level, ng/ml | 5.8 (2.0) | 5.3 (1.6) | 0.646 | 5.4 (1.9) | 5.3 (1.3) | 0.708 | 5.8 (2.1) | 5.3 (1.4) | 0.162 |
| Tacrolimus, n (%) | 10/11 (90.9) | 30/35 (85.7) | 1.000 | 20/21 (95.2) | 20/25 (80.0) | 0.198 | 16/17 (94.1) | 24/29 (82.8) | 0.390 |
| Blood tests | |||||||||
| White blood cells, × 103 U/µl | 5.6 (3.9) | 6.9 (3.7) | 0.547 | 6.8 (4.7) | 6.7 (2.1) | 0.854 | 7.5 (5.0) | 6.6 (2.5) | 0.950 |
| Lymphocytes, × 103 U/µl | 2.4 (1.1) | 2.4 (0.8) | 0.255 | 2.4 (1.0) | 2.2 (0.8) | 0.845 | 2.6 (1.5) | 2.4 (0.7) | 0.753 |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 1.16 (0.4) | 1.14 (0.4) | 0.014 | 1.0 (0.4) | 0.97 (0.4) | 0.366 | 1.0 (0.3) | 0.95 (0.4) | 0.539 |
| eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 55.8 (28.8) | 69.5 (22.1) | 0.007 | 63.0 (17.3) | 68.2 (26.7) | 0.264 | 59.4 (19.2) | 69.5 (26.8) | 0.301 |
Data are given as median (interquartile range) and analyzed with the Mann–Whitney U test and categorical data are given as n/n (%) and analyzed with the Chi-square test or Fischer’s Exact test, where appropriate. Bold values indicate statistically significant p values (p < 0.05). nAb, neutralizing antibody; ATG, antithymocyte globulin; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; MPA, mycophenolic acid; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate. P values lower than 0.05 are given in bold