Table 1.
Summary Statistics for Study Variables.
| Study variables (N = 294) | N | Mean (SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 outcomesa | |||
| COVID-19 incidence (Cases per 10 000) | All ZCTAs | 294 | 5655.0 (4441.0) |
| New York City | 177 | 8882 (2536) | |
| Chicago | 57 | 1022 (253.9) | |
| Detroit | 27 | 662.4 (127.2) | |
| Seattle | 33 | 431.2 (227.0) | |
| COVID-19 mortality (deaths per 10 000) | All ZCTAs | 292 | 197.2 (184.3) |
| New York City | 177 | 314.4 (145.9) | |
| Chicago | 57 | 18.9 (9.2) | |
| Detroit | 25 | 30.6 (12.6) | |
| Seattle | 33 | 6.7 (4.6) | |
| Safety net accessb | |||
| FQHC penetration (%) | All ZCTAs | 293 | 14.0% (13.0%) |
| New York City | 177 | 12.8% (13.7%) | |
| Chicago | 57 | 17.0% (11.9%) | |
| Detroit | 27 | 11.2% (4.6%) | |
| Seattle | 32 | 17.7% (13.9%) | |
| Socio-demographics | |||
| Racial/Ethnic minority (%) b | All ZCTAs | 294 | 63.0% (26.4%) |
| New York City | 177 | 64.0% (25.9%) | |
| Chicago | 57 | 61.9% (27.6%) | |
| Detroit | 27 | 85.8% (12.9%) | |
| Seattle | 33 | 41.0% (17.2%) | |
| Low-income (%) c | All ZCTAs | 293 | 34.2% (17.5%) |
| New York City | 177 | 31.8% (15.5%) | |
| Chicago | 57 | 35.0% (17.1%) | |
| Detroit | 27 | 61.0% (11.1%) | |
| Seattle | 32 | 23.2% (10.7%) | |
| Aged 75 or above (%) c | All ZCTAs | 294 | 6.1% (2.7%) |
| New York City | 177 | 6.5% (2.9%) | |
| Chicago | 57 | 5.2% (2.3%) | |
| Detroit | 27 | 5.8% (2.2%) | |
| Seattle | 33 | 5.3% (2.2%) | |
| Uninsured (%) b | All ZCTAs | 294 | 7.0% (3.5%) |
| New York City | 177 | 6.4% (3.2%) | |
| Chicago | 57 | 9.1% (4.0%) | |
| Detroit | 27 | 8.4% (1.8%) | |
| Seattle | 33 | 5.0% (2.5%) | |