Table 3.
Hatching performance after exposure to control or modified temperature during embryogenesis.
| Items | CT | TMH | TML | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BW (g) | 40.64 ± 0.93 | 39.05 ± 1.10 | 42.99 ± 1.28 | NS |
| YW (g) | 4.53 ± 0.29 | 4.12 ± 0.27 | 5.15 ± 0.36 | NS |
| YFBM (g) | 36.11 ± 0.79 | 34.93 ± 0.87 | 37.65 ± 1.00 | NS |
| Liver (g) | 0.98 ± 0.03 | 0.95 ± 0.02 | 0.89 ± 0.03 | NS |
| Heart (g) | 0.29 ± 0.01 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 0.31 ± 0.01 | NS |
| Tona-score | 90.6 ± 1.1 | 92.0 ± 1.5 | 91.4 ± 0.8 | NS |
| Liver/BW (%) | 2.39 ± 0.09a | 2.45 ± 0.05a | 2.06 ± 0.07b | ** |
| Heart/BW (%) | 0.73 ± 0.03 | 0.77 ± 0.02 | 0.65 ± 0.05 | NS |
| Liver/YFBM (%) | 2.69 ± 0.11a | 2.73 ± 0.05a | 2.35 ± 0.07b | ** |
| Heart/YFBM (%) | 0.82 ± 0.03 | 0.85 ± 0.26 | 0.75 ± 0.06 | NS |
The number of embryos used in each group was n = 8–10. Different superscripts in the same row indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) between treatments. Values are means ± SEM. CT, control treatment (37.6°C) during incubation; TMH, thermal manipulation with higher incubation temperature (39°C during ED 8–15 with daily 8-h treatment from 10:00 to 18:00) during incubation; TML, thermal manipulation with lower incubation temperature (20°C during ED 8–15 with daily 1-h treatment from 14:00 to 15:00) during incubation; ED, embryonic day; BW, body weight; YW, yolk weight; YFBM, yolk free body mass.
**
P < 0.01.
NS, not significant.