TABLE 2.
Baseline and differences at 6-and 12-month follow-ups (mean and standard deviation) stratified in the control and intervention groups in the consumption of key food items and dietary parameters between the control and intensive group adjusted for the baseline value.
| Baseline | 6 month-change | 12 month-change | Baseline | 6 month-change | 12 month-change | Baseline | 6 month-adjusted model | 12 month-adjusted model | |
| Energy intake (kcal/day) | 2464.42 (548.70) | −135.32 (559.65) | −160.20 (576.76) | 2357.21 (528.53) | −111.46 (585.36) | −110.20 (581.21) | < 0.05 | 0.054 | 0.368 |
| Carbohydrates (g/day) | 227.24 (66.12) | −20.31 (73.14) | −20.84 (64.67) | 218.22 (69.56) | −22.88 (72.54) | −18.93 (75.03) | 0.181 | < 0.05 | 0.241 |
| Protein (g/day) | 105.80 (19.94) | 2.07 (20.69) | −1.74 (22.29) | 102.25 (19.77) | 6.84 (23.13) | 6.23 (22.15) | 0.072 | 0.288 | < 0.05 |
| Total fat (g/day) | 118.22 (28.89) | −4.14 (30.72) | −5.15 (33.56) | 113.22 (28.08) | −2.12 (33.58) | −3.45 (33.79) | 0.077 | 0.272 | 0.255 |
| Saturated fatty acids (g/day) | 30.80 (9.50) | −5.47 (9.11) | −5.84 (9.62) | 29.25 (9.03) | −6.18 (9.58) | −6.19 (9.89) | 0.093 | < 0.001 | < 0.05 |
| Monounsaturated fatty acids (g/day) | 61.05 (15.04) | 1.83 (19.54) | 2.11 (20.07) | 58.08 (14.90) | 5.59 (21.29) | 4.85 (19.85) | < 0.05 | 0.451 | 0.968 |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acids (g/day) | 19.01 (5.83) | 3.12 (6.90) |
2.29 (7.32) |
18.82 (6.84) | 3.64 (7.78) |
2.62 (8.19) | 0.761 | 0.528 | 0.800 |
| Cholesterol (mg/day) | 426.16 (105.26) | −40.19 (106.38) | −48.23 (121.61) | 418.58 (118.16) | −35.06 (124.82) | −41.95 (132.46) | 0.495 | 0.934 | 0.733 |
| Trans-fatty acids (g/day) | 0.72 (0.41) |
−0.27 (0.39) | −0.28 (0.43) | 0.70 (0.44) |
−0.37 (0.45) | −0.37 (0.46) | 0.579 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Linolenic acid | 1.74 (0.67) |
0.52 (0.84) |
0.37 (0.95) |
1.72 (0.78) |
0.63 (0.98) |
0.44 (0.92) | 0.775 | 0.248 | 0.538 |
| Carbohydrate percentage (%) | 36.72 (5.44) | −1.34 (6.41) | −1.01 (5.90) | 36.72 (5.89) | −2.06 (6.67) | −1.35 (6.71) | 1 | 0.076 | 0.462 |
| Protein percentage (%) | 17.44 (2.46) | 1.28 (2.98) |
0.84 (2.79) |
17.62 (2.68) | 1.88 (3.02) |
1.83 (3.27) | 0.481 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Total fat percentage (%) | 43.22 (5.36) | 0.90 (6.52) |
0.97 (6.14) |
43.33 (5.70) | 1.27 (6.70) |
0.64 (6.93) | 0.837 | 0.203 | 0.526 |
| Saturated fatty acid percentage (%) | 11.18 (1.97) | −1.44 (2.16) | −1.48 (1.96) | 11.09 (1.82) | −1.86 (1.95) | −1.91 (1.99) | 0.635 | < 0.05 | < 0.001 |
| Monounsaturated fatty acid percentage (%) | 22.41 (3.58) | 1.91 (5.33) |
2.27 (4.86) |
22.34 (4.10) | 3.16 (5.55) |
2.89 (5.49) | 0.856 | 0.004 | 0.219 |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acid percentage (%) | 6.95 (1.65) |
1.64 (2.25) | 1.37 (2.15) |
7.21 (2.17) |
1.82 (2.48) | 1.38 (2.51) | 0.185 | 0.014 | 0.198 |
| Meat and meat products (g/day) | 174.48 (59.31) | −17.35 (60.32) | −24.14 (61.51) | 166.54 (52.82) | −7.08 (60.80) | −9.02 (63.08) | 0.155 | 0.279 | < 0.05 |
| Fish (g/day) | 120.91 (42.98) | 17.11 (49.01) | 6.91 (47.91) | 126.49 (46.18) | 15.53 (60.00) | 14.27 (57.86) | 0.207 | 0.523 | 0.005 |
| Vegetables (g/day) | 343.34 (149.73) | 42.53 (186.18) | 33.25 (171.62) | 354.26 (122.21) | 49.97 (176.83) | 57.45 (143.06) | 0.422 | 0.226 | < 0.05 |
| Total cereals (g/day) | 129.44 (58.75) | −5.29 (69.71) | −7.00 (61.00) | 119.38 (63.50) | −0.15 (63.61) | 6.69 (78.60) | 0.098 | 0.248 | 0.450 |
| Dairy products (g/day) | 370.65 (181.52) | 14.88 (209.43) | −10.69 (208.67) | 339.42 (168.83) | 27.83 (214.99) | 35.79 (189.12) | 0.073 | 0.629 | 0.105 |
| Nuts (g/day) | 15.69 (15.92) | 21.24 (26.01) | 19.97 (25.91) | 15.83 (16.73) | 28.66 (25.76) | 25.12 (25.57) | 0.933 | < 0.05 | < 0.05 |
| Fruit (g/day) | 351.48 (174.25) | 0.63 (224.44) | 35.68 (223.37) | 351.14 (174.26) | 19.97 (221.11) | 22.88 (209.81) | 0.984 | 0.255 | 0.479 |
| Legumes (g/day) | 20.53 (10.15) | 3.99 (12.26) | 3.35 (13.21) | 19.73 (9.02) | 7.26 (12.01) | 5.32 (11.78) | 0.399 | 0.007 | 0.145 |
| Olive oil (g/day) | 47.77 (13.78) | −0.11 (17.34) | 1.35 (16.49) | 45.47 (14.44) | 1.89 (17.33) | 2.17 (16.41) | 0.100 | 0.906 | 0.244 |
| Virgin olive oil (g/day) | 30.39 (20.44) | 13.40 (22.33) | 13.94 (21.70) | 31.61 (20.07) | 12.29 (21.66) | 13.61 (21.43) | 0.544 | 0.963 | 0.580 |
| Sunflower oil (g/day) | 0.74 (2.81) |
−0.65 (2.77) | −0.40 (2.56) | 1.35 (6.44) |
−1.31 (6.65) | −1.19 (6.24) | 0.214 | 0.755 | 0.327 |
| Dietary fiber (g/day) | 24.93 (7.18) | 5.80 (8.72) |
5.08 (8.75) |
25.25 (6.93) | 7.29 (8.83) |
6.93 (8.16) |
0.645 | < 0.05 | < 0.001 |
| Alcohol (g/day) | 9.76 (12.52) | −3.59 (10.38) | −3.36 (8.86) | 8.05 (9.84) |
−4.02 (9.45) | −4.04 (7.81) | 0.128 | < 0.05 | < 0.05 |