Table 2. A summary of previous studies.

MC: major complication; PF: pancreatic fistula; NOD: new-onset diabetes; MOF: multiple organ failure; CI: clinical improvement; WON: walled-off necrosis; LAMS: lumen-apposing metal stent; PS: plastic stent; AE: adverse events; QOL: quality of life

Study	Study design	Patient	Comparison	Number of patients	Outcomes	Follow-up time
van Santvoort et al. (2010) [12]	Clinical trial, multicenter	Necrotizing pancreatitis	Primary open necrosectomy and step-up approach	45 X 43	MC or death, PF, NOD, use of pancreatic enzymes, incisional hernia	Six months
van Brunschot et al. (2018) [13]	Clinical trial, multicenter	Necrotizing pancreatitis	Endoscopic and surgical step-up approach	51 X 47	MC or death, PF, exocrine and endocrine insufficiency, biliary strictures, wound infections, need for necrosectomy, the total number of interventions, length of hospital and ICU stay, costs, QOL	Six months
Bang et al. (2020) [14]	Meta-analysis	Infected necrotizing pancreatitis	Endoscopic and minimally invasive surgery	95 X 89	Mortality, MOF, enterocutaneous fistula, PF	NA
Onnekink et al. (2022) [15]	Clinical trial	Infected necrotizing pancreatitis after six months follow-up	Endoscopic and minimally invasive surgery	42 X 41	MC, death pancreaticocutaneous fistula, reinterventions, pancreatic insufficiency, and QOL	Seven years
Calo et al. (2022) [20]	Meta-analysis	WON drainage	LAMS and PS	493 X 514	Clinical improvement, AE, mortality	NA