Table 2. Number of participating European countries with at least one national guideline available per HIV indicator condition and countries with missing HIV indicator condition guidelines, 2019–2021 (n = 15).
| Speciality and HIV indicator condition | Number of countries with at least one guideline available | Number of countries with at least one guideline available that reports HIV association | Number of countries with at least one guideline available that recommends HIV testing | Countries missing the HIV IC guideline | Countries with guideline available for HIV IC without HIV test recommendation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dermatology / venereology | |||||
| Herpes simplex, ulcer(s) > I month/bronchitis/pneumonitis | 10 | 6 | 4 | CH, DE, GR, LT, UK | BE, DK, NL, PL, RO, RU |
| Kaposi's sarcoma | 10 | 9 | 4 | BE, FR, GR, NL, RO | BY, DK, IT, LT, PL, UK |
| Herpes zoster | 13 | 10 | 8 | IT, LT | BE, GR, PL, RO, UK |
| Seborrhoeic dermatitis/exanthema | 6 | 5 | 1 | BE, CH, DE, FR, GR, IT, LT, PL, RO | BY, DK, NL, RU, UA |
| Severe or atypical psoriasis | 14 | 10 | 8 | BE | DK, FR, GR, LT, NL, UK |
| Sexually transmitted infections | 15 | 15 | 15 | None | None |
| Gastroenterology / hepatology | |||||
| Candidiasis, oesophageal | 7 | 6 | 2 | BY, CH, FR, IT, LT, PL, RO, RU | BE, DE, DK, GR, NL |
| Cryptosporidiosis diarrhoea, > 1 month | 10 | 9 | 4 | BE, CH, FR, RO, RU | DK, GR, LT, NL, PL, UK |
| Cystoisosporiasis (formerly known as Isosporiasis) > 1 month | 8 | 6 | 3 | CH, DE, DK, FR, LT, RO, RU | BE, GR, NL, PL, UK |
| Anal cancer/dysplasia | 13 | 12 | 8 | BE, RO | BY, GR, LT, RU, UA |
| Hepatitis A | 10 | 3 | 2 | BE, CH, IT, PL, UA | BY, DE, DK, FR, GR, LT, RO, UK |
| Hepatitis B (acute or chronic) | 13 | 13 | 12 | BE, CH | RU |
| Hepatitis C (acute or chronic) | 15 | 15 | 13 | None | BE, RU |
| Unexplained chronic diarrhoea | 6 | 4 | 1 | BE, CH, DE, DK, FR, IT, LT, PL, RU | BY, GR, NL, UA, UK |
| Gynaecology / obstetrics | |||||
| Cervical cancer | 15 | 7 | 2 | None | BE, CH, DE, DK, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, PL, RO, RU, UK |
| Cervical dysplasia | 15 | 8 | 2 | None | BE, CH, DE, DK, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, PL, RO, RU, UK |
| Pregnancy (implications for the unborn child) | 15 | 15 | 15 | None | None |
| Haematology | |||||
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 14 | 14 | 13 | GR | RU |
| Castleman's disease | 4 | 3 | 2 | BE, CH, DE, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, RO, UA, UK | BY, PL |
| Idiopathic/thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura | 14 | 10 | 9 | LT | CH, DK, GR, PL, UA |
| Malignant lymphoma/Hodgkin's lymphoma | 15 | 15 | 14 | None | DK |
| Internal medicine | |||||
| Atypical disseminated leishmaniasis | 8 | 6 | 3 | BE, BY, CH, FR, GR, RO, RU | DK, IT, LT, NL, PL |
| Candidiasis, bronchial/tracheal/lungs | 7 | 3 | 1 | BY, CH, IT, LT, PL, RO, RU, UK | BE, DE, DK, F, GR, NL |
| Coccidioidomycosis, disseminated/extrapulmonary | 2 | 2 | 1 | BE, BY, CH, DE, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, PL, RO, RU, UK | DK |
| Cryptococcosis, extrapulmonary | 5 | 4 | 2 | BY, CH, DE, FR, IT, LT, PL, RO, RU, UK | BE, GR, NL |
| Cytomegalovirus, other (except liver, spleen, glands) | 6 | 6 | 2 | CH, DE, DK, FR, GR, LT, RO, UA, UK | BE, NL, PL, RU |
| Histoplasmosis, disseminated/extrapulmonary | 2 | 1 | 1 | BE, BY, CH, DE, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, PL, RO, RU, UK | DK |
| Penicilliosis, disseminated | 0 | 0 | 0 | BE, BY, CH, DE, DK, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, PL, RO, RU, UA, UK | None |
| Reactivation of American trypanosomiasis (meningoencephalitis or myocarditis) | 2 | 0 | 0 | BE, BY, CH, DE, FR, GR, LT, NL, PL, RO, RU, UA, UK | DK, IT |
| Salmonella septicaemia, recurrent | 8 | 5 | 2 | BY, CH, FR, IT, PL, RO, UK | BE, DE, DK, GR, LT, NL |
| Candidaemia | 4 | 1 | 0 | BE, BY, CH, DK, FR, IT, LT, RO, RU, UA, UK | DE, GR, NL, PL |
| Candidiasis | 8 | 4 | 1 | CH, DE, DK, FR, LT, PL, UK | BE, GR, IT, NL, RO, RU, UA |
| Invasive pneumococcal disease | 5 | 3 | 0 | BY, CH, DE, FR, GR, IT, PL, RO, RU, UA | BE, DK, LT, NL, UK |
| Mononucleosis-like illness | 6 | 6 | 4 | BE, CH, DE, FR, GR, IT, LT, PL, RO | DK, NL |
| Oral hairy leukoplakia | 7 | 4 | 3 | BE, CH, FR, GR, LT, NL, PL, RO | DE, DK, IT, UK |
| Unexplained chronic renal impairment | 13 | 5 | 5 | CH, DK | BE, DE, GR, LT, NL, PL, RU, UK |
| Unexplained fever | 2 | 2 | 2 | BE, BY, CH, DE, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, PL, RO, RU, UA | None |
| Unexplained leukocytopenia/thrombocytopenia lasting > 4 weeks | 8 | 7 | 6 | BE, BY, GR, IT, LT, RO, RU | DK, PL |
| Unexplained lymphadenopathy | 7 | 6 | 6 | BE, BY, CH, FR, GR, LT, NL, RO | PL |
| Unexplained oral candidiasis | 9 | 4 | 3 | BY, CH, DK, F, GR, LT | BE, DE, IT, NL, PL, UA |
| Unexplained weight loss | 4 | 2 | 1 | BE, BY, CH, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, PL, RU, UA | DE, DK, UK |
| Visceral leishmaniasis | 6 | 5 | 2 | BE, BY, CH, DK, FR, IT, PL, RU, UK | GR, LT, NL, RO |
| Neurology / neurosurgery | |||||
| Cerebral toxoplasmosis | 8 | 8 | 3 | CH, DE, FR, IT, RO, RU, UK | DK, GR, LT, NL, PL |
| Primary cerebral lymphoma | 11 | 11 | 10 | CH, GR, NL, RO | BY |
| Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy | 2 | 1 | 1 | BE, BY, CH, DK, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, PL, RO, RU, UK | DE |
| Cerebral abscess | 8 | 4 | 4 | DK, FR, IT, LT, NL, RO, UK | GR, PL, RU, UA |
| Guillain–Barré́ syndrome | 5 | 5 | 4 | BE, CH, FR, GR, IT, LT, PL, RO, UA, UK | NL |
| Lymphocytic meningitis | 9 | 7 | 4 | CH, IT, LT, PL, RO, RU | BE, BY, DK, NL, UA |
| Mononeuritis | 7 | 5 | 4 | BE, CH, DE, LT, PL, RO, RU, UA | FR, GR, UK |
| Multiple sclerosis-like disease | 8 | 5 | 3 | BE, CH, FR, IT, PL, RU, UA | BY, DK, GR, LT, NL |
| Peripheral neuropathy | 9 | 6 | 2 | BE, CH, LT, PL, RU, UA | BY, DE, FR, GR, IT, NL, UK |
| Primary space occupying lesion of the brain | 3 | 2 | 2 | BE, CH, DE, DK, F, IT, LT, NL, PL, RO, UA, UK | RU |
| Subcortical dementia | 10 | 9 | 6 | BY, FR, LT, PL, RU | BE, NL, UA, UK |
| Ophthalmology | |||||
| Cytomegalovirus retinitis | 7 | 7 | 3 | BE, CH, FR, GR, IT, LT, RO, UK | DK, NL, PL, RU |
| Infective retinal diseases, including herpes viruses and toxoplasma | 5 | 2 | 1 | BE, CH, DE, DK, FR, GR, IT, NL, RO, RU | LT, PL, UA, UK |
| Pulmonology | |||||
| Mycobacterium avium complex or Mycobacterium kansasii, disseminated or extrapulmonary | 7 | 6 | 4 | BE, CH, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, RU | DE, DK, PL |
| Mycobacterium, other species or unidentified species, disseminated or extrapulmonary | 3 | 2 | 2 | BE, BY, CH, DE, DK, FR, GR, IT, LT, NL, RU, UA | PL |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis, pulmonary or extrapulmonary | 15 | 14 | 12 | None | PL, RU, UK |
| Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia | 9 | 7 | 4 | CH, DE, FR, IT, PL, UK | BE, GR, LT, NL, RU |
| Pneumonia, recurrent (2 or more episodes in 12 months) | 11 | 4 | 2 | FR, IT, PL, RO | BE, BY, DE, DK, LT, NL, RU, UA, UK |
| Community-acquired pneumonia | 14 | 5 | 2 | RO | BE, BY, CH, FR, GE, IT, LT, NL, PL, RU, UA, UK |
| Primary lung cancer | 15 | 4 | 2 | None | BE, BY, CH, DE, DK, GR, IT, LT, NL, PL, RO, RU, UK |
BE: Belgium, BY: Belarus; CH: Switzerland; DE: Germany; DK: Denmark; FR: France; GR: Greece; IT: Italy; LT: Lithuania; NL: the Netherlands; PL: Poland; RO: Romania; RU: Russia; UA: Ukraine; UK: United Kingdom.
AIDS-defining conditions are written in bold.
Participating countries were European countries involved in the established infrastructure of the Optimising Testing and Linkage to Care for HIV across Europe (OptTEST) project.