TABLE 2.
Characteristics of PLHIV initiated on TPT who developed breakthrough TB
| Variable | Sub-category | Breakthrough TB* n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | Male | 61 (68) |
| Female | 29 (32) | |
| Age, years | Median [IQR] | 35 [29.5–41] |
| <15 | 1 (1) | |
| ⩾15 | 89 (99) | |
| Duration on ART, months | ⩽3 | 86 (96) |
| >3 ⩽ 6 | 0 (0) | |
| >6 | 4 (4) | |
| Baseline CD4 count, cells/mm3 | <100 | 6 (7) |
| 100–<350 | 8 (9) | |
| 350–<500 | 0 (0) | |
| ⩾500 | 5 (5) | |
| Missing | 71(79) | |
| TB symptoms | Symptomatic before start of TPT | 22 (24) |
| 1 symptom | 6 (27) | |
| 2 symptoms | 5 (23) | |
| >2 symptoms | 11 (50) | |
| Fever | 9 (41)† | |
| Cough | 21 (95)† | |
| Weight loss | 10 (45)† | |
| Night sweats | 15 (68)† | |
| Asymptomatic before start of TPT | 20 (22) | |
| Missing data | 48 (54) | |
| Time to TB diagnosis, days | Median [IQR] | 10 [4–16] |
*Majority of people with breakthrough TB (79%) were recorded within the first month of being initiated on TPT with a steep decline in the months that followed (see Figure 2).
†Numbers with specific symptoms are not mutually exclusive.
PLHIV = people living with HIV; TPT = TB preventive therapy; IQR = interquartile range.