Table 3.
Characteristics of angioembolization use for pediatric patients with isolated and non-isolated liver injury
| Variable | Isolated liver injury | Non-isolated liver injury | P value |
| (n=35) | (n=35) | ||
| Demographics | |||
| Age (y), median (IQR) | 10 (7–13) | 9 (7–14) | 0.791 |
| Gender (male), n (%) | 28 (80) | 17 (49) | 0.012 |
| Cause of injury, n (%) | 0.126 | ||
| Traffic accident | 21/34 (61) | 27 (77) | |
| Fall | 6/34 (18) | 7 (20) | |
| Sport | 2/34 (5.9) | 0 (0) | |
| Other blunt injury | 5/34 (15) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Prehospital, median (IQR) | |||
| sBP (mmHg) | 117 (103–126) | 111 (100–128) | 0.761 |
| HR (beats per min) | 104 (84–113) | 125 (107–139) | <0.001 |
| RR (breaths per min) | 24 (20–25) | 28 (24–36) | 0.062 |
| At arrival, median (IQR) | |||
| sBP (mmHg) | 120 (106–130) | 120 (104–136) | 0.851 |
| HR (beats per min) | 100 (80–110) | 127 (117–147) | <0.001 |
| RR (breaths per min) | 22 (20–24) | 30 (23–33) | <0.001 |
| GCS value | 15 (15–15) | 13 (10–15) | <0.001 |
| Liver injury AIS, median (IQR) | 3 (3–4) | 4 (3–4) | 0.007 |
| ISS, median (IQR) | 9 (9–14) | 29 (26–34) | <0.001 |
| RTS, median (IQR) | 7.8 (7.8–7.8) | 7.6 (6.6–7.6) | <0.001 |
| TRISS-Ps, median (IQR) | 99 (99–99) | 95 (91–97) | <0.001 |
| Blood transfusion, n (%) | 7 (20) | 27 (77) | <0.001 |
| Time to AE (min), median (IQR) | 144 (101–262) | 138 (85–155) | 0.152 |
| In-hospital survival, n (%) | 35 (100) | 34 (97) | 0.317 |
Missing: cause of injury=1, prehospital sBP=13, prehospital HR=13, prehospital RR=21, at arrival HR=1, at arrival RR=1, at arrival GCS value=2, RTS=3, TRISS-Ps=3, blood transfusion=3, time to angioembolization=16.
AE, angioembolization; AIS, abbreviated injury scale; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; HR, heart rate; IQR, interquartile range; ISS, injury severity score; RR, respiratory rate; RTS, revised trauma score; sBP, systolic blood pressure; TRISS-Ps, trauma and injury severity score–probability of survival.