Table 3.

Complications leading to revision procedure during 18 months of follow-up

Initial therapy	VP shunt (n=26)	ETV (n=23)
	25 revisions in 12 children	30 revisions in 15 children
Therapy at the time point before revision	Still treated with VP shunt	Switched to VP shunt	Still treated with ETV
	25 revisions in 12 children	11 revisions in 5 children	19 revisions in 15 children
Cause of revision* (more than one may apply)
Obstruction of catheter or ETV	6 (24)	4 (36.4)	10 (52.6)
CSF leakage	6 (24)	4 (36.4)	3 (15.8)
Catheter displacement	3 (12)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Infection	5 (20)	3 (27.3)	3 (15.8)
Dysfunctional valve	2 (8)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Unknown	7 (28)	2 (18.2)	3 (15.8)

* Data are presented as number (percentage).

CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; ETV, endoscopic third ventriculostomy; VP shunt, ventriculoperitoneal shunt.