Table 3.
Factors associated with the MII information received by reproductive age women using modern contraceptives in Indonesia
| 2007 IDHS | 2012 IDHS | 2017 IDHS | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (SE) | 95% CI | AOR (SE) | 95% CI | OR (SE) | 95% CI | AOR (SE) | 95% CI | OR (SE) | 95% CI | AOR (SE) | 95% CI | |
| Age | ||||||||||||
| 15–24 years | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 25–34 years | 1.17 (0.11) | 0.98–1.40 | 1.07 (0.11) | 0.86–1.32 | 1.4 (0.12) | 1.18–1.67 | 1.31 (0.13) | 1.07–1.60 | 1.27 (0.09) | 1.09–1.46 | 1.21 (0.11) | 1.02–1.44 |
| 35–49 years | 1.14 (0.11) | 0.94–1.38 | 1.07 (0.15) | 0.81–1.42 | 1.33 (0.13) | 1.10–1.62 | 1.32 (0.17) | 1.03–1.70 | 1.15 (0.08) | 0.99–1.33 | 1.23 (0.13) | 1.01–1.51 |
| Educationa | ||||||||||||
| No education | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Primary | 1.2 (0.27) | 0.77–1.88 | 1.06 (0.24) | 0.67–1.67 | 1.29 (0.29) | 0.83–2.02 | 1.07 (0.25) | 0.68–1.70 | 2.82 (0.91) | 1.49–5.31 | 2.28 (0.75) | 1.20–4.34 |
| Secondary | 2.39 (0.56) | 1.51–3.78 | 1.70 (0.41) | 1.05–2.75 | 2.23 (0.49) | 1.44–3.46 | 1.56 (0.37) | 0.98–2.49 | 3.95 (1.26) | 2.10–7.40 | 2.69 (0.88) | 1.41–5.12 |
| Higher | 5.24 (1.37) | 3.14–8.76 | 2.42 (0.70) | 1.36–4.29 | 4.59 (1.05) | 2.92–7.21 | 2.06 (0.56) | 1.21–3.50 | 7.46 (2.43) | 3.93–14.16 | 3.82 (1.30) | 1.95–7.48 |
| Occupation | ||||||||||||
| Unemployed | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Agriculture | 0.76 (0.07) | 0.63–0.93 | 1.11 (0.12) | 0.89–1.38 | 0.83 (0.09) | 0.67–1.02 | 1.18 (0.13) | 0.95–1.47 | 0.90 (0.07) | 0.77–1.07 | 1.19 (0.11) | 0.99–1.43 |
| Blue-collar | 1.31 (0.11) | 1.11–1.55 | 1.19 (0.10) | 1.00–1.41 | 1.21 (0.09) | 1.05–1.40 | 1.13 (0.09) | 0.97–1.31 | 1.24 (0.07) | 1.11–1.39 | 1.14 (0.07) | 1.02–1.29 |
| White-collar | 2.34 (0.38) | 1.70–3.23 | 1.09 (0.20) | 0.76–1.57 | 2.46 (0.30) | 1.93–3.14 | 1.36 (0.21) | 1.00–1.85 | 1.99 (0.19) | 1.65–2.41 | 1.18 (0.14) | 0.93–1.48 |
| Wealth quintile | ||||||||||||
| Poorest | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Poor | 1.16 (0.14) | 0.92–1.46 | 1.05 (0.12) | 0.84–1.33 | 1.25 (0.12) | 1.03–1.51 | 1.01 (0.1) | 0.83–1.24 | 1.18 (0.09) | 1.00–1.39 | 1.01 (0.09) | 0.85–1.21 |
| Middle | 1.50 (0.19) | 1.18–1.93 | 1.26 (0.16) | 0.98–1.62 | 1.45 (0.15) | 1.18–1.77 | 1 (0.11) | 0.81–1.25 | 1.33 (0.11) | 1.13–1.56 | 1.05 (0.09) | 0.88–1.26 |
| Rich | 2.02 (0.24) | 1.60–2.56 | 1.53 (0.21) | 1.16–2.02 | 1.94 (0.19) | 1.60–2.35 | 1.14 (0.13) | 0.92–1.42 | 1.50 (0.12) | 1.28–1.76 | 1.08 (0.10) | 0.89–1.30 |
| Richest | 2.91 (0.35) | 2.30–3.69 | 1.64 (0.26) | 1.20–2.25 | 2.77 (0.28) | 2.27–3.37 | 1.26 (0.15) | 0.99–1.60 | 2.18 (0.18) | 1.84–2.58 | 1.36 (0.15) | 1.09–1.69 |
| Residence | ||||||||||||
| Rural | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Urban | 1.43 (0.19) | 1.21–1.68 | 0.89 (0.09) | 0.73–1.09 | 1.54 (0.11) | 1.33–1.78 | 1.11 (0.09) | 0.95–1.30 | 1.29 (0.07) | 1.16–1.44 | 1.08 (0.07) | 0.95–1.23 |
| Region | ||||||||||||
| Other Islands | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Java & Bali | 1.15 (0.09) | 1.00–1.34 | 1.02 (0.08) | 0.87–1.20 | 1.55 (0.09) | 1.36–1.75 | 1.39 (0.09) | 1.21–1.60 | 1.23 (0.06) | 1.11–1.37 | 1.14 (0.07) | 1.01–1.28 |
| Heard about FP on radio in last few months | ||||||||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 1.88 (0.19) | 1.53–2.30 | 1.26 (0.16) | 0.99–1.62 | 2.00 (0.13) | 1.75–2.28 | 1.6 (0.29) | 1.13–2.27 | 1.87 (0.10) | 1.68–2.08 | 1.05 (0.05) | 0.66–1.66 |
| Heard about FP on television in last few months | ||||||||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 1.72 (0.14) | 1.46–2.03 | 1.18 (0.12) | 0.97–1.44 | 1.80 (0.11) | 1.58–2.05 | 0.95 (0.16) | 0.68–1.31 | 1.85 (0.09) | 1.66–2.05 | 1.52 (0.35) | 0.97–2.39 |
| Read about FP on newspaper in last few months | ||||||||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 2.48 (0.22) | 2.08–2.96 | 1.39 (0.16) | 1.11–1.75 | 2.39 (0.21) | 2.00–2.85 | 1.31 (0.15) | 1.06–1.63 | 2.10 (0.16) | 1.80–2.44 | 1.41 (0.13) | 1.18–1.68 |
| Parity | ||||||||||||
| 0–1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 2–3 | 0.98 (0.07) | 0.85–1.12 | 0.95 (0.09) | 0.79–1.15 | 1.08 (0.08) | 0.93–1.27 | 0.98 (0.09) | 0.82–1.18 | 1.03 (0.06) | 0.93–1.16 | 0.97 (0.07) | 0.84–1.12 |
| 4 + | 0.77 (0.08) | 0.63–0.95 | 0.93 (0.13) | 0.70–1.23 | 0.86 (0.09) | 0.71–1.05 | 1.02 (0.13) | 0.79–1.32 | 0.77 (0.06) | 0.65–0.90 | 0.85 (0.09) | 0.69–1.05 |
| Source of FP methods | ||||||||||||
| Midwivesb | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Public PHCc | 0.90 (0.24) | 0.75–1.09 | 1.02 (0.09) | 0.85–1.23 | 0.97 (0.35) | 0.81–1.09 | 1.09 (0.09) | 0.93–1.28 | 1.01 (0.18) | 0.89–1.16 | 1.00 (0.07) | 0.86–1.15 |
| Private PHCd | 1.89 (0.66) | 1.37–2.61 | 1.13 (0.19) | 0.80–1.59 | 1.52 (0.48) | 1.15–2.00 | 1.11 (0.15) | 0.85–1.45 | 1.41 (0.40) | 1.11–1.78 | 1.04 (0.13) | 0.81–1.33 |
| Pharmacy/drug store/over the counter | 0.58 (0.34) | 0.44–0.77 | 0.45 (0.07) | 0.33–0.61 | 0.68 (0.40) | 0.30–0.57 | 0.66 (0.08) | 0.52–0.83 | 0.50 (0.21) | 0.42–0.61 | 0.46 (0.06) | 0.36–0.60 |
| Hospital | 1.18 (0.38) | 0.86–1.62 | 0.88 (0.19) | 0.57–1.36 | 1.25 (0.65) | 0.96–1.64 | 1.02 (0.18) | 0.72–1.45 | 0.94 (0.23) | 0.78–1.13 | 0.66 (0.11) | 0.48–0.90 |
| Current contraceptive methods | ||||||||||||
| Pill | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Injectables | 0.98 (0.09) | 0.82–1.17 | 0.83 (0.08) | 0.67–1.01 | 1.18 (0.09) | 1.01–1.38 | 1.07 (0.1) | 0.89–1.29 | 1.43 (0.10) | 1.25–1.65 | 0.99 (0.10) | 0.82–1.20 |
| Implants | 0.91 (0.15) | 0.65–1.25 | 0.76 (0.14) | 0.53–1.10 | 1.24 (0.15) | 0.98–1.58 | 1.12 (0.15) | 0.86–1.46 | 1.54 (0.16) | 1.25–1.89 | 1.12 (0.14) | 0.88–1.43 |
| IUD | 3.54 (0.56) | 2.60–4.83 | 1.89 (0.35) | 1.31–2.74 | 2.79 (0.39) | 2.11–3.69 | 1.54 (0.25) | 1.12–2.11 | 2.61 (0.26) | 2.15–3.18 | 1.50 (0.20) | 1.15–1.95 |
| Female sterilization | 1.01 (0.22) | 0.66–1.56 | 0.67 (0.2) | 0.37–1.21 | 1.09 (0.21) | 0.74–1.60 | 0.7 (0.17) | 0.43–1.14 | 1.13 (0.15) | 0.86–1.47 | 0.92 (0.19) | 0.61–1.38 |
| Knowledge of modern contraceptive methods | ||||||||||||
| Know < 5 methods | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Know all 5 methods | 2.05 (0.20) | 1.69–2.48 | 1.33 (0.14) | 1.07–1.64 | 2.21 (0.21) | 1.83–2.67 | 1.58 (0.17) | 1.28–1.94 | 1.80 (0.14) | 1.55–2.10 | 1.39 (0.11) | 1.19–1.63 |
AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio, SE standard error
aEducation categories: primary includes elementary school, secondary includes junior and senior high schools, and higher education includes academy, diploma, and university degrees
bVillage midwife, midwife, nurse, and FP fieldworker
cPuskesmas, public PHC clinic, mobile clinic
dClinic, obstetricians, and medical doctor