Table 2.

Summary of key effects of benevolent and hostile sexism

Domain	Associations with hostile sexism	Associations with benevolent sexism
Gender roles	Negative attitudes towards men and women who behave non-traditionally61	Positive attitudes towards men and women who behave traditionally25
Self-views	Body dissatisfaction79	Stereotypical self-descriptions75 and body dissatisfaction79
Affect and physiology	Increased stress response87 and anger92	Delayed stress recovery87 and anxiety90
Violence towards women	Belief that victims of sexual assault actually want sex97	Belief that victims of sexual assault have behaved inappropriately99
Careers	Fewer hiring recommendations for women62 and less support for female managers106	Stereotypical career choices116, reduced self-efficacy120, and more dependency-oriented support for women at work111, leading women to be perceived as incompetent112
Healthcare	Less support for women’s (but not men’s) pain management125	Discouraging women from accessing medical treatment126; restrictive attitudes towards pregnant women127
Legal decisions	—	More lenient criminal sentencing for women than men134