Table 1.
Chelation Therapy and Marker Reported from Study of Beta Thalassemia
| No. | Authors | Year of Publication | Study Type | Age (Years) | Chelation of Therapy (Number of Patients) | Markers Reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Aldudak 200017 | 2000 | Cross-sectional | 9.6 ± 5.0; 10 ± 4.7 | Deferoxamine (70) | BUN |
| S Cr | ||||||
| S Na | ||||||
| S K | ||||||
| S Ua | ||||||
| S Phosp | ||||||
| Ccr | ||||||
| TRP | ||||||
| uVolume | ||||||
| uOsmolality | ||||||
| uP/Cr | ||||||
| uNAG/Cr | ||||||
| uMDA/Cr | ||||||
| 2 | Smolkin 200816 | 2008 | Cross-sectional | 10.8 ± 6.2; 11.2 ± 3.4; 10.2±4.5 | Deferoxamine (n/a) | BUN |
| Serum creatinine | ||||||
| Serum uric acid | ||||||
| GFR | ||||||
| FENa | ||||||
| FEK | ||||||
| Urine Ca/Cr | ||||||
| Uric acid excretion | ||||||
| Tubular phosphorus reab | ||||||
| Urine osmolality | ||||||
| uNAG | ||||||
| uNAG/Cr | ||||||
| 3 | Economou 201025 | 2010 | Case-control | 13.66 ± 5.11; 12.66 ± 4.2 | Deferasirox (28) group A | Serum creatinine |
| Deferiprone + deferoxamine (14) group B | Urea | |||||
| Cystatin-C | ||||||
| U Protein | ||||||
| U Ca | ||||||
| U FeNa | ||||||
| u Phoshor, rabsorbtion | ||||||
| uβ2 MG | ||||||
| CrC | ||||||
| eGFR | ||||||
| 4 | Hamed 20105 | 2010 | Case-control | 8.72±3.7; 8.4±4.1 | Deferoxamine (34); | Cystatin-C |
| w/o chelation (35) | Creatinine | |||||
| eGFRSchwartz | ||||||
| Uric acid | ||||||
| Calcium | ||||||
| Inorganic phosphate | ||||||
| Total antioxidant capacity | ||||||
| Albumin/Cr | ||||||
| NAG/Cr | ||||||
| β2MG/Cr | ||||||
| Inorganic phosphorus | ||||||
| MDA/Cr | ||||||
| 5 | Mansi, 2013(belum ada) | 2013 | Case-control | Deferoxamine (42) | Glucose | |
| Urea | ||||||
| Creatinine | ||||||
| Uric acid | ||||||
| Sodium | ||||||
| Potassium | ||||||
| Chloride | ||||||
| 6 | Ali 201421 | 2014 | Cross-sectional | 9.67± 1.35; n/a | Deferoxamine (62) group IA | Cystatin-C |
| No chelating (38) group IB | Serum creatinine | |||||
| Control (50) group II | eGFRSchwartz | |||||
| CrC | ||||||
| Albumin/Cr | ||||||
| 7 | Sen 201511 | 2015 | Cross-sectional | 9.14 ± 4.4; 8.8 ± 4.0 | Deferasirox (59) | U Na/Cr |
| U K/Cr | ||||||
| U Ca/Cr | ||||||
| U P/Cr | ||||||
| U Mg/Cr | ||||||
| U Protein/Cr | ||||||
| U Uric acid/Cr | ||||||
| uNAG/Cr | ||||||
| uNGAL/Cr | ||||||
| uKIM1/Cr | ||||||
| uL-FABP/Cr | ||||||
| 8 | Behairy 201724 | 2017 | Case-control | 10.41±3.86, 8.6±3.47 | Deferoxamine (60%) | Urea |
| Deferasirox (32.9%) | Creatinine | |||||
| Hydra (7.1%) | Urea/Cr | |||||
| Urine volume | ||||||
| CrC | ||||||
| Cystatin-C | ||||||
| β2MG | ||||||
| uAlbumin/Cr | ||||||
| eGFRSchwartz | ||||||
| 9 | Bekhit 201719 | 2017 | Case-control | 8.5 ± 3.5; n/a | Deferasirox (21) | S Urea |
| Deferiprone (8) | S Cr | |||||
| Deferoxamine (3) | U Creatinine | |||||
| U Ca/Cr | ||||||
| U uric acid | ||||||
| GFR | ||||||
| uNAG | ||||||
| 10 | Annayev 201823 | 2018 | Case-control | 18.4 ± 11.8; n/a | Deferasirox (38) | FENa |
| Deferiprone (8) | Na | |||||
| None (4) | K | |||||
| Ca | ||||||
| P | ||||||
| Mg | ||||||
| U Ca/Cr | ||||||
| Urea | ||||||
| Creatinine | ||||||
| Albumin | ||||||
| GFR based on age | ||||||
| SCystatin-C | ||||||
| uβ2 MG | ||||||
| 11 | ElAlfy 201820 | 2018 | Cross-sectional | 12.8 ± 3.2 | Deferoxamine (2) | Urea |
| Deferasirox (9) | Uric acid | |||||
| Deferiprone (3) | Serum creatinine | |||||
| Combined (36) | Cystatin-C | |||||
| Urinary β2 microglobulin | ||||||
| uAlbumin/Cr | ||||||
| uβ2 M/albumin | ||||||
| 12 | Badelli 201910 | 2019 | Case-control | n/a | Deferoxamine (19) | GFR |
| Deferasirox (21) | BUN | |||||
| Creatinine | ||||||
| Cystatin-C | ||||||
| GFR based on Cystatin | ||||||
| uNGAL | ||||||
| uKIM1 | ||||||
| uIL-18 | ||||||
| uCreatinine | ||||||
| uAlbumin | ||||||
| uNGAL/Cr | ||||||
| uIL-18/Cr | ||||||
| uKIM1/Cr | ||||||
| uAlbumin/Cr | ||||||
| 13 | Fouad 201915 | 2019 | Case-control | 29±9; 28±5 | Deferasirox (11), | Albumin/Cr |
| Deferipone(3) | eGFR | |||||
| NGAL | ||||||
| uNGAL/Cr | ||||||
| 14 | Nafea 20193 | 2019 | Cross-sectional | 14.7 ± 4.3 | Deferasirox (26) | Serum K |
| Desferoxamine (14) | Serum Na | |||||
| Deferiprone(26) | Serum Ca total | |||||
| Seurm P | ||||||
| Serum Mg | ||||||
| Serum creatinine | ||||||
| U K/Cr | ||||||
| U Na/Cr | ||||||
| U P/Cr | ||||||
| U Mg/Cr | ||||||
| Urinary creatinine | ||||||
| eGFR | ||||||
| U KIM-1/Cr | ||||||
| 15 | Bilir 202022 | 2020 | Cross-sectional | 12.63 ± 4.58; 11.44 ± 4.37 | Deferasirox (47) | Creatinin |
| S Sodium | ||||||
| S Potassium | ||||||
| S Calcium | ||||||
| S Phosphorus | ||||||
| eGFR | ||||||
| Cystatin-C | ||||||
| Total antioxidant capacity | ||||||
| Total oxidant capacity | ||||||
| U Ca/Cr | ||||||
| U Protein/Cr | ||||||
| uβ2MG/Cr | ||||||
| uRBP/Cr | ||||||
| uNAG/Cr | ||||||
| MDA/Cr | ||||||
| 16 | Capolongo 202045 | 2020 | Case-control | 34 ± 12; 33 ± 14 | Deferoxamine (40) | Serum creatinine |
| eGFR | ||||||
| S Na | ||||||
| S K | ||||||
| S Ca | ||||||
| S Chlorine | ||||||
| S Bicarbonate | ||||||
| FENa | ||||||
| U Ca | ||||||
| U Phosp | ||||||
| uAlbumin/Cr | ||||||
| uOsmolarity | ||||||
| uOsmolality | ||||||
| pH | ||||||
| 17 | Mahmoud 202142 | 2021 | Case-control | 9.58±4.07 | Deferasirox (100) | Urea |
| Creatinine | ||||||
| eGFR | ||||||
| U protein/Cr | ||||||
| UNa/Cr | ||||||
| UK/Cr | ||||||
| UCa/Cr | ||||||
| Uuric acid/Cr | ||||||
| uNAG | ||||||
| uNAG/Cr | ||||||
| uKIM1 | ||||||
| uKIM1/Cr | ||||||
| SCystatin-C | ||||||
| 18 | Tanous 202118 | 2021 | Cross-sectional | 20.92± 9.7 | Deferasirox (26) | Serum creatinine |
| Deferiprone + deferoxamine (6) | Serum Na | |||||
| Deferoxamine (4) | Serum K | |||||
| Serum uric acid | ||||||
| eGFR | ||||||
| uNAG <12 | ||||||
| Abnormal uNAG (>12) | ||||||
| Abnormal urine Ca/Cr (>0.14) | ||||||
| Urine osmolality |