Table 3. Demographic and clinical factors associated with dry eye disease according to OSDI score.

DED: dry eye disease; OSDI: Ocular Surface Disease Index; **means P < .01; * means .01 < P < .05

Variable	Category	Normal (0-12 points) N (%)	Symptomatic DED (≥13 points) N (%)	P
Age (yrs)	1-6 y	25 (42.4)	34 (57.6)	0.001**
	7-12 y	17 (21.8)	61 (78.2)
	12-18 y	37 (19.2)	156 (80.8)
Gender	Male	50 (27.0)	135 (73.0)	0.147
	Female	29 (20.1)	115 (79.9)
Chronic diseases	No	75 (24.9)	226 (75.1)	0.180
	Yes	4 (13.8)	25 (86.2)
Use of daily medications	No	77 (25.4)	226 (74.6)	0.042*
	Yes	2 (7.7)	24 (92.3)
Medical/surgical eye treatment	No	78 (25.9)	223 (74.1)	0.007**
	Yes	1 (3.4)	28 (96.6)
Eye surgery during the last 6 months	No	78 (24.6)	239 (75.4)	0.161
	Yes	1 (7.7)	12 (92.3)
Conjunctivitis	No	78 (25.2)	232 (74.8)	0.041*
	Yes	1 (5.0)	19 (95.0)
Diagnosed with any eye diseases	No	75 (27.3)	200 (72.7)	0.002**
	Yes	4 (7.3)	51 (92.7)
Prescribed eyeglasses	No	73 (32.0)	155 (68.0)	< 0.0001**
	Yes	6 (5.9)	96 (94.1)
Cannot close the whole lid	No	79 (24.9)	238 (75.1)	0.039*
	Yes	0 (0.0)	13 (100.0)
Dry eye while using electronic devices	No	77 (30.3)	177 (69.7)	< 0.0001**
	Yes	2 (2.7)	73 (97.3)
Presence of Allergic conditions	No	72 (28.3)	182 (71.7)	0.001**
	Yes	7 (9.2)	69 (90.8)
Use of any anti-allergic medication	No	74 (26.4)	206 (73.6)	0.012*
	Yes	5 (10.0)	45 (90.0)
Used drops for conjunctivitis	No	79 (27.4)	209 (72.6)	< 0.0001**
	Yes	0 (0.0)	41 (100.0)