Table 2.
Utility inputs for the United Kingdom, Germany, and Spain
| Parameter | Utility or Utility Decrementa | Source | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | Germany | Spain | ||
| Health state | ||||
| CKD G2, 60–89 ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 0.765 (0.005) | 0.873 (0.005) | 0.829 (0.005) | DAPA-CKD (49) |
| CKD G3a, 45–59 ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 0.765 (0.005) | 0.882 (0.002) | 0.837 (0.003) | DAPA-CKD (49) |
| CKD G3b, 30–44 ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 0.765 (0.005) | 0.882 (0.002) | 0.837 (0.003) | DAPA-CKD (49) |
| CKD G4, 15–29 ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 0.757 (0.006) | 0.874 (0.003) | 0.825 (0.033) | DAPA-CKD (49) |
| CKD G5, not on KRT; <15 ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 0.727 (0.010) | 0.852 (0.009) | 0.792 (0.009) | DAPA-CKD (49) |
| Dialysis | 0.679 (0.014) | 0.814 (0.013) | 0.759 (0.013) | DAPA-CKD (49) |
| Transplant | 0.710 (0.070) | 0.710 (0.070) | 0.710 (0.070) | Lee et al. (50) |
| Event | ||||
| Hospitalization for heart failure | −0.087 (0.037) | −0.063 (0.034) | −0.068 (0.034) | DAPA-CKD (49) |
| Volume depletion | −0.05 (0.010) | −0.05 (0.010) | −0.05 (0.010) | McEwan et al. (51) |
| Major hypoglycemic events | −0.01 (0.001) | −0.01 (0.001) | −0.01 (0.001) | Beaudet et al. (52) and Currie et al. (53) |
| Diabetic ketoacidosis | −0.01 (0.010) | −0.01 (0.010) | −0.01 (0.010) | Peasgood et al. (54) |
| Fracture | −0.094 (0.032) | −0.072 (0.031) | −0.067 (0.031) | DAPA-CKD (49) |
| Amputation | −0.256 (0.050) | −0.266 (0.049) | −0.257 (0.049) | DAPA-CKD (49) |
DAPA-CKD, Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in CKD.
a
Stated values are expressed as mean (SEM), with SEMs sampled using a β-distribution in the probabilistic sensitivity analysis.