Table 1.

Selected baseline sample characteristics by CV-GID; elderly with osteoarthritis (n ​= ​45,385), 2015–2016.

Variable	CVD or GI AEs		No CVD or GI AEs		p-value
	N	Percentage	N	Percentage
All	26,769	59.0	18,616	41.0
Age					<0.001
65–69	5334	51.4	5039	48.6
70–74	6377	56.0	5004	44.0
75–79	5455	60.4	3574	39.6
80 and over	9603	65.8	4999	34.2
Sex					<0.001
Female	17,408	57.8	12,687	42.2
Male	9361	61.2	5929	38.8
Insurance Type					<0.001
HMO	9369	56.8	7128	43.2
Other	17,400	60.2	11,488	39.8
Diabetes					<0.001
Yes	11,017	63.4	6350	36.6
No	15,752	56.2	12,266	43.8
Hyperlipidemia					<0.001
Yes	19,778	63.4	11,441	36.6
No	6991	49.4	7175	50.6
Hypertension					<0.001
Yes	22,609	63.7	12,888	36.3
No	4160	42.1	5728	57.9
Obesity					<0.001
Yes	5346	64.4	2952	35.6
No	21,423	57.8	15,664	42.2
H.pylori infection					0.018
Yes	275	85.1	48	14.9
No	26,494	58.8	18,568	41.2
Polypharmacya					<0.001
Yes	17,759	67.3	8635	32.7
No	9010	47.4	9981	52.6
OA-related pain					<0.001
Yes	16,879	61.6	10,518	38.4
No	9890	55.0	8098	45.0
Cardiac arrhythmia					<0.001
(continued)
Yes	8666	76.9	2598	23.1
No	18,103	53.1	16,018	46.9
Continuous Variables
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p-value
Fragmentation of Care Index (FCI)	0.70	0.20	0.60	0.20	<0.001
Duration of non-selective NSAID use (days)	28.2	78.2	30.4	80.7	0.003
Duration of selective NSAID use (days)	6.2	40.1	5.1	36.1	0.002
Number of IA corticosteroid injections	0.9	1.6	0.7	1.3	0.009
Duration of prescription opioids (days)	47.7	97.8	30.5	79.6	<0.001
Duration of GPA use (days)	109.5	164.1	26.1	90.1	<0.001
Number of physical therapy visits	4.8	12.9	3.6	10.3	<0.001
Number of orthopedic doctor visits	1.7	3.2	1.4	2.8	<0.001
Number of rheumatologist visits	0.3	1.1	0.2	1.1	0.001
Duration of oral corticosteroids (days)	55.7	103.8	48.5	97.5	0.002

Note: The sample includes 45,385 elderly with osteoarthritis from De-identified Optum Clinformatics Data Mart (2014–2015).

∗Excludes opioid and NSAID combinations.

CVD-cardiovascular disease; GI- gastrointestinal; GPA-gastroprotective agents; HMO, health maintenance organization; IA-intra-articular; NSAID-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; OA-osteoarthritis; SD ​- ​standard deviation.

^aPolypharmacy was defined as the use of 6 or more different classes of medications.