Fig. 2.
PPCs suppress inducible ROS levels in bovine chondrocytes. Bovine chondrocytes pre-labeled with 10 μM H2DCF-DA were exposed to 100 μM H2O2 for 30 min, with or without PPC co-treatment at various concentrations: (A) curcumin, (B) resveratrol, and (C) EGCG. Fluorescence signals corresponding to ROS levels were recorded at excitation/emission of 485 nm/528 nm. Results are expressed as mean ± SD (N = 3). Difference relative to untreated controls: ∗, p < 0.05; ∗∗, p < 0.01.