Table 2.
Mean ± standard deviation results comparing two-dimensional (2D) U-Net and U-Net ++ healthy participant segmentations on transverse ultrasound images to subsequent three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed segmentations. The p-value corresponds to a comparison between 2D and 3D segmentation performance.
| Method | Segmentation | Precision (%) | Recall (%) | DSC (%) | MSD (mm) | HD (mm) | A/VPD (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U-Net | 2D Transverse | 83.1 ± 4.6 | 91.5 ± 5.4 | 87.1 ± 4.6 | 0.22 ± 0.10 | 1.06 ± 0.46 | 10.1 ± 4.7 |
| 3D Reconstruction | 74.8 ± 6.1 | 72.0 ± 6.3 | 73.1 ± 3.9 | 0.30 ± 0.06 | 1.55 ± 0.67 | 1.55 ± 0.67 | |
| P-value | 0.062 | 0.015 | 0.063 | 0.256 | 0.256 | 0.946 | |
| U-Net++ | 2D Transverse | 82.4 ± 4.9 | 85.6 ± 3.6 | 83.8 ± 2.9 | 0.33 ± 0.10 | 1.04 ± 0.16 | 6.73 ± 3.9 |
| 3D Reconstruction | 75.0 ± 4.8 | 74.5 ± 3.7 | 74.3 ± 1.7 | 0.31 ± 0.06 | 1.76 ± 0.99 | 11.3 ± 4.8 | |
| P-value | 0.014 | 0.458 | 0.064 | 0.032 | 0.159 | 0.012 |