Table 1.

Key model input parameters.

Baseline characteristics of total knee arthroplasty recipients with type II diabetes mellitus
Parameter	Estimate	Source
Mean (SDa) age, years	68.2 (9.5)	Partners Research Patient Data Repository (RPDR) for TKA procedures coded as: CPT 27447, ICD-9 81.54, or LMR LPA427
Mean (SD) BMIb, kg/m2	35.4 (8.5)	[37] Ganz 2014
Prevalence of DM among TKA recipients	20.2%	[24] Paxton 2010
Odds ratio of deep joint infection with DM	3.72	[18] Chen 2013
Probability of dental visits in past year	65.8%	[38] Tomar 2000
Infection characteristics in general population
Parameter	Estimate	Source
Number of PJIs occurring in year of surgery	41	[74] Pulido 2008
Person-years observed in year of surgery	9245	[74] Pulido 2008
Number of PJIs occurring in subsequent years	22	[74] Pulido 2008
Person-years observed in subsequent years	33,128	[74] Pulido 2008
Percent hematogenous infections attributable to dental procedures	17%c	[40] Waldman 1997, [41] Kaiser Family Foundation
Antibiotic efficacy	63%	[43] Young 2014

Probability of infection among total knee arthroplasty (TKA) recipients without increased risk of infectionc
Year of surgery	0.36%	[18,24,74,[81], [82], [83]]
Subsequent years	0.08%	[18,24,74,[81], [82], [83]]
Probability of PJI in diabetic cohortc
	First year	Subsequent years
No pre-dental antibiotics	1.04%	0.22%
Pre-dental antibiotics	1.02%	0.20%

Costs associated with surgical interventionsd
Parameter	Estimate
Primary TKA (hospital cost, physician fee, post-discharge rehabilitation)	$17,855 [[45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50]]
Revision TKA (hospital cost, physician fee, post-discharge rehabilitation)	$24,992 [[45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50]]
Follow-up care (provider visit, radiograph)	$111 [49,65]
Metformin, annual cost	$3,091 [64]

Toxicities associated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA)
Toxicity	Probability in year following TKAc [44]	Annual quality of life decremente	Costc [[45], [46], [47]]
Post-TKA recovery	Variesf	9.3%	$0
Myocardial infarction	0.80%	9.7%	$20,187
Pulmonary embolism	0.79%	11.2%	$11,124
Pneumonia	1.36%	10.2%	$10,322
Death, primary TKA	0.62%	10.3%	$13,212 [44]
Death, revision TKA	0.95%	10.3%	$13,212 [44]
PJI (fatal in 2.24% of cases [84])	Varies	14.6%	$48,928 [[45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50]]

Antibiotic-related adverse eventsg
Adverse event (AE)	Probability	Cost	Treatment	Annual quality of life decrement
Minor AE	2% [43,[57], [58], [59], [60]]
Probability minor AE being GI upset	25.4% [56]	$ 40.67	50 mg diphenhydramine hydrochloride (2 doses) [85]	0.01%
Probability minor AE being minor anaphylaxis	74.6% [56]	$ 39.22	262mg bismuth subsalicylate [86]	0.01%
Anaphylactic shock	0.006% [61]	$ 4,629	2-day hospitalization [45]	0.01%
Probability of death from anaphylaxis>	0.002% [57]	$ 13,212		10.3%

^aSD: standard deviation; TKA: total knee arthroplasty.

^bBMI: body mass index.

^cDerivations are detailed in Section 4 of the Technical Appendix.

^dDerivations are detailed in Section 3.1 of the Technical Appendix.

^eApplied to the quality of life until death in the year of surgery; details of derivations have been previously published [31].

^fAll subjects who do not experience another adverse event will experience post-TKA recovery.

^gDetails of derivations regarding antibiotic-related adverse events are described in Section 5 of the Technical Appendix.