Figure 1.

Control of ZHX2 expression. At the gene and transcription level, some transcription factors, hypermethylation of ZHX2 promotor, and cellular stimuli such as free fatty acid are known to regulate ZHX2 transcription. Concurrently, ZHX2 gene amplification contributes to its enhanced expression in cancer. At the post-transcription level, miR-155 and miR-3188 upregulated by HBx inhibit ZHX2 mRNA translation, but lncRNA PART1 promotes ZHX2 mRNA level by altering the miRNA landscape. At the PTMs level, hydroxylated ZHX2 protein is recognized and degraded by E3 ubiquitin ligase VHL, which is inhibited by USP13-induced deubiquitination, while NRMT1-mediated Nα-methylation of ZHX2 promotes its transcription factor activity. Created using Biorender.com.