Table 1.
Basic characteristics of participants (n = 10505) in the NHANES 2015–2018.
| Outcomes | Normal (n=4568) | hepatic steatosis (n=5937) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 46.20 ± 0.60 | 48.77 ± 0.46 | < 0.001 |
| Sex | 0.97 | ||
| Female | 51.44 (49.23,53.64) | 51.37 (49.69,53.05) | |
| Male | 48.56 (46.36,50.77) | 48.63 (46.95,50.31) | |
| PIR | 3.02 ± 0.06 | 2.96 ± 0.06 | 0.3 |
| Race | < 0.0001 | ||
| Mexican American | 6.13 (4.26, 7.99) | 11.64 (8.29,14.99) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 65.30 (60.70,69.90) | 61.86 (57.12,66.60) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 10.58 (8.14,13.01) | 11.22 (8.40,14.03) | |
| Other Hispanic | 5.87 (4.42,7.31) | 7.34 (5.75,8.93) | |
| 12.13 (9.77,14.49) | 7.94 (6.54, 9.34) | ||
| Education | 0.002 | ||
| > High school | 22.90 (20.41,25.40) | 26.31 (24.51,28.12) | |
| < High school | 12.59 (10.79,14.39) | 13.48 (11.49,15.47) | |
| Above | 64.51 (60.98,68.03) | 60.20 (57.36,63.05) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.79 ± 0.07 | 33.88 ± 0.15 | < 0.0001 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | < 0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 6.53 (5.82, 7.25) | 23.10 (21.37,24.84) | |
| No | 93.47 (92.75,94.18) | 76.90 (75.16,78.63) | |
| Smoke | 0.003 | ||
| Former | 22.19 (20.27,24.11) | 26.47 (24.76,28.19) | |
| Never | 58.72 (56.13,61.32) | 57.13 (55.23,59.03) | |
| Now | 19.09 (16.74,21.43) | 16.40 (14.91,17.89) | |
| Hypertension | <0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 27.73 (25.55,29.91) | 47.33 (44.82,49.84) | |
| No | 72.27 (70.09,74.45) | 52.67 (50.16,55.18) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | <0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 54.21 (51.07,57.35) | 76.55 (74.60,78.51) | |
| No | 45.79 (42.65,48.93) | 23.45 (21.49,25.40) | |
| SII | 506.11 ± 9.27 | 530.29 ± 6.07 | 0.02 |
| ALT (U/L) | 19.20 ± 0.28 | 28.06 ± 0.31 | < 0.0001 |
| AST (U/L) | 23.63 ± 0.29 | 24.23 ± 0.27 | 0.17 |
| Glycohemoglobin (%) | 5.44 ± 0.02 | 5.86 ± 0.02 | < 0.0001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.82 ± 0.03 | 4.97 ± 0.04 | < 0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.32 ± 0.02 | 1.93 ± 0.04 | < 0.0001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 120.51 ± 0.48 | 125.65 ± 0.33 | < 0.0001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 69.61 ± 0.42 | 72.82 ± 0.36 | < 0.0001 |
Mean ± SD was for continuous variables. The percentage (95% confidence interval) was for categorical variables.
NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; PIR, poverty income ratio; BMI, body mass index; SII, systemic immune-inflammation index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.