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. 2022 Dec 2;9:743. doi: 10.1038/s41597-022-01863-9

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Comparison of lake ice phenology derived in this research against that from Qiu et al.²³, where IceD and CID represents ice-covered duration and fully ice-covering duration respectively with unit day. The meaning and unit of FUS, FUE, BUS and BUE are the same to that in Fig. 4.