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. 2022 Dec 2;13:7433. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35243-z

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — a, b Examples of LH pulse profiles in Kiss1-Cre,LSL-Cas9-EGFP mice given gRNA-LacZ. Numbers in brackets refer to animal number. Asterisks indicate LH pulses. c Mean ± SEM LH levels, pulse amplitudes and pulse intervals in the experimental groups receiving gRNA-LacZ (LacZ, N = 6), gRNA-ESR1-3 (gRNA3, N = 6), and gRNA-ESR1-6 (gRNA6, N = 8). *P ≤ 0.05, post hoc Dunnett’s test versus LacZ. A pulse interval of 156 min (see G.) is not shown for gRNA6. d-f, Examples of LH pulse profiles in Kiss1-Cre,LSL-Cas9-EGFP mice given gRNA-ESR1-3. Schematics give a flat-map bilateral rostro-caudal representation of the distribution and extent of ESR1 knockdown in kisspeptin neurons; red <30% Kiss with ESR1, pink 30–80%, white >80%. g–i Examples of LH pulse profiles in Kiss1-Cre,LSL-Cas9-EGFP mice given gRNA-ESR1-6. Asterisks indicate LH pulses detected with PULSAR. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.