Table 3.
Critical appraisal of included studies.
| Study (Reference) | Item 1 | Item 2 | Item 3 | Item 4 | Item 5 | Item 6 | Item 7 | Item 8 | Item 9 | Item 10 | Item 11 | Total score | Quality rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hung et al., 201835 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | Moderate |
| Jiao et al., 202036 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | Moderate |
| Zhang et al., 201037 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | Moderate |
| Zhu et al., 200938 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | Moderate |
| Cong et al., 201839 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | Moderate |
| Hu et al., 201240 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | Moderate |
| Luo et al., 201141 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | Moderate |
| Wu et al., 201742 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | Moderate |
| Xu et al., 201743 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | Moderate |
| Zhang et al., 201444 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | Moderate |
| Wang et al., 201445 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | Moderate |
| Lou et al., 201446 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | Moderate |
Item 1: Define the source of information (survey, record review); Item 2: List inclusion and exclusion criteria for exposed and unexposed subjects (cases and controls) or refer to previous publications; Item 3: Indicate time period used for identifying patients; Item 4: Indicate whether or not subjects were consecutive if not population-based; Item 5: Indicate if evaluators of subjective components of study were masked to other aspects of the status of the participants; Item 6: Describe any assessments undertaken for quality assurance purposes (eg, test/retest of primary outcome measurements); Item 7: Explain any patient exclusions from analysis; Item 8: Describe how confounding was assessed and/or controlled; Item 9: If applicable, explain how missing data were handled in the analysis; Item 10: Summarize patient response rates and completeness of data collection; Item 11: Clarify what follow-up, if any, was expected and the percentage of patients for which incomplete data or follow-up was obtained.