Table 3.
Logistic regression analyses of the association of leisure activities with successful aging stratified by sex.
| Men |
Women |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | |
| Gardening work | ||||
| Never | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Sometimes | 1.03 (0.75–1.42) | 0.80 (0.57–1.13) | 1.78 (1.26–2.52)∗ | 1.14 (0.78–1.65) |
| Usually | 2.39 (1.99–2.87)∗ | 1.72 (1.41–2.10)∗ | 2.80 (2.36–3.31)∗ | 1.82 (1.51–2.19)∗ |
| Reading newspapers or books | ||||
| Never | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Sometimes | 1.30 (1.03–1.64)∗ | 0.94 (0.73–1.21) | 1.29 (0.97–1.71) | 0.77 (0.56–1.05) |
| Usually | 1.91 (1.64–2.22)∗ | 1.52 (1.27–1.83)∗ | 2.44 (2.00–2.97)∗ | 1.42 (1.10–1.83)∗ |
| Raising domestic animals or pets | ||||
| Never | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Sometimes | 0.80 (0.54–1.19) | 1.01 (1.00–1.03)∗ | 1.11 (0.73–1.68) | 0.94 (0.60–1.46) |
| Usually | 1.66 (1.40–1.96)∗ | 1.31 (1.09–1.59)∗ | 1.62 (1.39–1.88)∗ | 1.32 (1.11–1.57)∗ |
| Playing cards or mahjong | ||||
| Never | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Sometimes | 1.46 (1.15–1.86)∗ | 1.12 (0.87–1.45) | 1.91 (1.47–2.49)∗ | 1.23 (0.93–1.64) |
| Usually | 2.29 (1.88–2.79)∗ | 1.82 (1.47–2.24)∗ | 2.72 (2.22–3.33)∗ | 1.99 (1.60–2.47)∗ |
| Watching TV or listening to radio | ||||
| Never | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Sometimes | 1.14 (0.81–1.59) | 0.89 (0.62–1.27) | 1.29 (0.96–1.73)∗ | 0.99 (0.72–1.35) |
| Usually | 2.74 (2.26–3.33) ∗ | 1.74 (1.40–2.15)∗ | 2.92 (2.49–3.43)∗ | 1.69 (1.41–2.02)∗ |
| Participating in social activities | ||||
| Never | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Sometimes | 1.94 (1.57–2.39)∗ | 1.44 (1.14–1.81)∗ | 1.81 (1.44–2.26)∗ | 1.13 (0.89–1.45) |
| Usually | 2.35 (1.78–3.12)∗ | 1.50 (1.11–2.02)∗ | 2.25 (1.73–2.92)∗ | 1.28 (0.96–1.70) |
| Number of leisure activities | ||||
| 0 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 1 | 2.08 (1.67–2.59)∗ | 1.70 (1.34–2.14)∗ | 2.01 (1.67–2.42)∗ | 1.40 (1.14–1.70)∗ |
| 2 | 3.49 (2.79–4.36)∗ | 2.36 (1.85–3.00)∗ | 4.72 (3.88–5.75)∗ | 2.65 (2.14–3.29)∗ |
| 3 | 5.54 (4.28–7.16)∗ | 3.32 (2.50–4.40)∗ | 5.84 (4.58–7.45)∗ | 2.78 (2.12–3.64)∗ |
| 4 | 6.29 (4.35–9.08)∗ | 3.26 (2.20–4.85)∗ | 10.19 (6.66–15.60)∗ | 4.18 (2.65–6.59)∗ |
| 5–6 | 13.67 (6.63–28.16)∗ | 7.17 (3.40–15.14)∗ | 11.80 (7.86–16.52)∗ | 5.79 (3.83–8.11)∗ |
| p for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidential intervals.
∗ Statistical significance (p < 0.05).
a
Adjusted for age, body mass index, residence, co-residence, smoking, drinking, exercise, education level, marital status, and occupation before age 60.