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. 2022 Dec 3;5:1326. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-04298-5

Fig. 5. Immunofluorescence staining of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in human colonic mucosa.

Fig. 5

a Left: HHIP+ fibroblasts in normal mucosa labeled by α-SMA (red) and HHIP (green). Arrows point at the cells expressing both markers. Scale bar indicates 100 μm. Right: The correlation between ACTA2 and HHIP expression in each cell. Fibroblasts in the HHIP+ cluster were double positive for both ACTA2 and HHIP. b Double labeling for α-SMA (green) and CD31 (red). Scale bar indicates 100 μm. c Double labeling for α-SMA (red) and Keratin 20 (green). Scale bar indicates 100 μm. d Double labeling for fibroblast markers α-SMA (green) and Decorin (red) in the colonic mucosa. Vertical section (left) and cross section (right) of the colonic mucosa. Scale bar indicates 200 μm (left) and 100 μm (right). e Double labeling for Keratin 20 (green) and Podoplanin (red). Vertical section (left) and cross section (right) of the colonic mucosa. Scale bar indicates 100 μm. f Double labeling for Decorin (green) and CD31(red). Scale bar indicates 100 μm. g Double labeling for Decorin (green) and CDX2(red) in the colonic mucosa. Scale bar indicates 50 μm. h Double labeling for Decorin (red) and Podoplanin (green). Each fluorescent channel was displayed separately. Scale bar indicates 100 μm. DAPI: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, blue-fluorescent labeling nuclei; α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin, encoded by ACTA2 gene; Decorin, encoded by DCN gene. Podoplanin encoded by PDPN. HHIP, Hedgehog interacting protein, encoded by HHIP gene. Keratin 20, labeling mature enterocytes. CDX2, Caudal Type Homeobox 2, an intestinal specific transcription factor labeling intestinal epithelial and cancer cell. CD31, Platelet and Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1, labeling endothelial cells. CD45, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C, labeling immune cells.