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. 2022 Dec 3;12:20920. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-25380-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Implemented CGH (a) and measured/simulated intensity distributions (b)–(f) of a fiber-interfaced 3D multi-focus hologram, creating 192 foci in two image planes behind a single-mode fiber. (a) Experimentally realized 3D nano-printed CGH on the facet of an SMF containing a core-less beam expansion section (scale bar 10 µm). (b) Simulated intensity distribution along the beam propagation axis (xz-plane). The inset shows the simulated CGH in the aperture plane at $z = 0$ (scale bar 10 µm). The image (xy-) planes are located at $f_{a} = 40 μ m$ and $f_{b} = 70 μ m$ behind the facet. (c, d) Measured and simulated intensity distribution in the first focal plane, showing the logo of the authors’ institution ( $N_{a} = 142$ , $N A_{a} = 0.6$ ). (e, f) Measured and simulated patterns in the second plane, showing the institute’s lettering ( $N_{b} = 50$ , $N A_{b} = 0.4$ ).